Words to Be Learnt

achieve v — досягти graduate v — закінчувати

achlevement n — досягненняinvestigate v — досліджувати

amount n — кількість investigation n — дослідження

arrange v — розташувати law n — закон

coal n — вугілля order v — порядок

combine — з’єднанувати overcome (overcame; over- come) v — долати
consist (of) v — складатися create v — творити

predict v —передбачувати repetition n — повторення

deal with (dealt) v — result in v — у висновку

мати справу із determine v — визначати

enter v — поступати suggest v — пропонувати

Завдання 1. Дайте відповіді на запитання.

1. What fields of knowledge did Mendeleyev΄s genius touch upon?

2. Where did Mendeleyev study chemistry?

3. What is the main idea of the Periodic System?

4. What was Mendeleyev able to predict?

5. Was the Periodic Table reconstructed at the beginning of the 20^th century?

Завдання 2. Заповніть пропуски в реченнях, користуючись текстом.

1. Mendeleyev was invited to lecture on ַַַַַַַַַ at St. Petersburg University.

2. The Table of Elements consists of ַַַַַַַַַ and horizontal periods.

3. Mendeleyev had to overcome ַַַַַַַַ to arrange all elements in the Table.

4. Mendeleyev carried out enormous research in ַַַַַַַ and steel industries.

5. The Periodic Law has preserved its ַַַַַַַַ

6. Mendeleyev predicted the existence of ַַַַַַַַ

Завдання 3. Доберіть відповідні англійські слова та словосполучення підкресленим українським.

1. Кількість a)amount; b) subject; c)weight; d) volumes.

2. Відкриття a) existence; b) development; c) discovery; d) work.

3. Величезний a) atomic; b) tremendous; c) important; d) practical.

4. Знання a) system; b) research; c) theory; d) knowledge.

Завдання 4. Перекладіть на українську та англійську мову групи слів, користуючись текстом.

A).

1. важливі дослідження

2. невідомі елементи

3. обчислення

4. атомна вага

5. передбачати

6. брати до уваги

B).

1. to touch upon

2. to suggest

3. existence

4. an enormous amount

5. practical activity

6. periodic repetition

Завдання 5. Дайте вірні визначення наступним словам.

1. to lecture a) the science of weights and measures

2. abroad b) something carried out successfully

3. property c) in a foreign land

4. metrology d) to deliver a lecture or series of lectures

5. achievement e) a special quality belonging to

something

Завдання 6. Доповніть речення згідно з змістом тексту.

1. To continue his studies and research Mendeleyev ַַַַַַַַַ

2. The Table of Elements consists of ַַַַַַַַַ

3. The atomic weights of 9 elements (out of 63) were ַַַַַַַַַ

4. The elements are arranged in ַַַַַַַַַ

UNIT 6

ERNEST RUTHERFORD

(1871-1937)

disintegration n — розпад nuclear atom — ядерна модель атома
famous a — відомий to found v — засновувати

particle n — частка

leading a — провідній to scatter v — розсіватися
New Zealand — Новая Зе- to split v — розщеплюватися

ландія

Ernest Rutherford was born in New Zealand where he lived up to 1895. At the age of 19 after finishing school he entered the only New Zealand University founded in 1870. At that time there were only 150 students and 7 professors there. At the university Ernest took great interest in physics and developed a magnetic detector of radio waves. However, he was absolutely uninterested in the practical applications of his discoveries.

In 1895 Rutherford went to Cambridge where he con­tinued research under Thomson (1856—1940), the out­standing English physicist. There Rutherford studied the processes of ionization in gases and took great interest in the theory of radioactivity discovered by Becquerel (1852-1908), a world-known French physicist. For about ten years Ernest Rutherford lived and worked in Canada. Later he lectured in leading universities in the USA and England from 1907 till 1919.

Rutherford's famous work "The Scattering of Alpha and Beta Particles of Matter and the Structure of the Atom" dealt with so-called "atom models". All main Rutherford's works deal with the model of the atom. The split­ting of the atom has opened to man a new and enormous source of energy. The most important results have been obtained by splitting the atom of uranium.

For working out the theory of radioactive disintegra­tion of elements, for determining the nature of alpha particles, for developing the model of the atom, Rutherford was awarded in 1908 the Nobel Prize in chemistry.

Rutherford created a school of talented physicists in the field of atomic research, the Russian scientists P. Kapitza and Y. Kchariton were among his pupils. E. Rutherford died in 1937 at the age of 66.

Завдання 1. Дайте відповіді на запитання.

1. How old was Rutherford when he entered the University?

2. What was Rutherford interested in?

3. What countries did Rutherford live and work?

4. What do all main Rutherford’s works deal with?

5. When was Rutherford awarded the Nobel Prize?

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