Завдання 4. Знайдіть речення, які відповідають змісту текста

1. Computer is also used to store information in the digital form.

2. Computer has no intelligence by itself and is referred to as hardware.

3. Every engineer should know the properties of engineering materials.

4. When one computer system is set up to communicate with another computer system, connectivity becomes the sixth system element.

5. At the base of modern microelectronic devices lie semiconductor elements.

Завдання 5. Складіть речення з поданих слів.

1. to convert, computer, is, date, into, used, information.

2. material, data, the, is raw.

3. of, five, a, computer, system, a, combination, is, elements.

4. people, the most, computer, of, the, are, important, system, component.

5. computers, mathematical, and, operations, logical, perform.

UNIT 5

Digital Computers

The digital computer performs three major roles. It operates as a calculating machine and finds widespread application in all branches of science and engineering. It is also used for data processing¹ in commerce and industry. The third role is in the monitoring and control² of industrial processes and communication systems.

The computers are used in chemical plants, power stations, road traffic control, etc.

The basic digital computer consists of four main sections: the store³, arithmetic unit, control and input / output devices.

The store contains a numerical quantities and data which are to be processed. It also has a programme or list of instructions which are to be performed.

The arithmetic unit normally performs the operation of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division and certain other special operations.

The input and output devices are to supply information and to obtain it from the computer. These devices play a significant part in making the capacity of a computer effective.

The basic unit of information with which digital computers operate is the bit. For many purposes, however, it is better not to be specific about how the information is coded into bits.

A byte is 8 bits and corresponds to a storage unit⁴ necessary to contain the binary code.

Notes

¹ for data processing – для обробки даних

² in the monitoring and control – в керуванні та контролі

³ the store – пам’ять

⁴ a storage unit – блок пам’яті

Завдання 1. Дайте відповіді на наступні запитання:

1. Where are the computers used?

2. How many sections does the basic digital computer consist of?

3. Does the store contain a numerical quantities and data which are to be processed?

4. What devices play a significant part in making the capacity of a computer effective?

5. What is the basic unit of information which digital computers operate with?

Завдання 2. Доповніть речення згідно зі змістом тексту:

1. It is also used for…

2. It also has a programme…

3. A byte is 8 bits and corresponds to…

4. It finds widespread application…

5. The computers are used in…

Завдання 3. Знайдіть синоніми та антоніми до наступних слів у тексті:

A). B).

1. to include 1. worse

2. to carry out 2. unnecessary

3. usually 3. few

4. to get 4. uncertain

5. to work 5. output device

Завдання 4. Знайдіть речення, які відповідають змісту текста:

1. The digital computer operates as a calculating machine.

2. The most important metal in industry is iron and its alloy-steel.

3. Transistors are made of small germanium crystals.

4. It is also used for data processing in commerce and industry.

5. The digital computer performs three major roles.

Завдання 5. Складіть речення з поданих слів:

1. are, used, computers, the, plants, in, chemical.

2. unit, normally, the operation of, the, arithmetic, performs, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and, division.

3. contains, the store, which, to be processed are, date.

4. performs, major, three, the, computer, digital, roles.

5. also, It, used, is, for, processing, data, in, industry, commerce, and.

UNIT 1

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