Processing hardware

The purpose of processing hardware is retrieve, inter­pret and direct the execution of software instructions provided to the computer. The most common components of processing hardware are the Central Processing Unit and main memory.

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the brain of the computer. It reads and interprets software instructions and coordinates the processing activities that must take place. The design of the CPU affects the processing power and the speed of the computer, as well as the amount of main memory it can use effectively. With a well-designed CPU in your computer, you can perform highly sophisti­cated tasks in a very short time.

Memory is the system of component of the computer in which information is stored. There are two types of computer memory: RAM and ROM.

RAM (random access memory) is the volatile computer memory, used for creating loading, and running pro­grams and for manipulating and temporarily storing data;

ROM (read only memory) is nonvolatile, nonmodifiable computer memory, used to hold programmed in­structions to the system.

The more memory you have in your computer, the more operations you can perform.

Storage hardware

The purpose of storage hardware is to store computer instructions and data in a form that is relatively perma­nent and retrieve when needed for processing. Storage hardware serves the same basic functions as do office fil­ing systems except that it stores data as electromagnetic signals. The most common ways of storing data are Hard disk, floppy disk and CD-ROM.

Hard disk is a rigid disk coated with magnetic mate­rial, for storing programs and relatively large amounts of data.

Завдання 1. Дайте відповіді на запитання.

1. What is the purpose of processing hardware?

2. What are the main components of processing hardware?

3. What is the Central Processing Unit used for?

4. What are the basic types of computer memory?

5. What are the most common ways of storing data?

Завдання 2. Доповніть речення згідно зі змістом тексту.

1. The Central Processing Unit is …

2.Memoryis the system of component of the computer in which information…

3. RAM is used for creating loading and …

4. The more memory you have in your computer, the more…

5. Hard disk is a rigid disk coated with…

Завдання 3. Знайдіть a)синоніми, b)антоніми до наступних слів у тексті.

A) b)

1. to operate 1. constantly

2. microprocessor 2. simple

3. to influence 3. variable

4. quantity 4. rigid

5. to keep 5. long

Завдання 4. Виберіть, які речення відповідають змісту тексту.

1. The most common components of processing hardware are the Central Processing Unit and main memory.

2. The CPU only reads software instructions.

3. There are two types of computer memory: RAM and ROM.

4. RAM is nonvolatile computer memory.

5. The purpose of storage hardware is to store computer instructions and data.

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