Climate

The land geographical position and territory

The UK is an island country. It occupied the territory of the British isles and it composed of some 5500 isles. The total area of the country is 94,217 miles² or 244,02 kl². The UK is a small country. It’s twice smaller than France or Spain.

The two main islands are: Great Britain in which are England, Scotland and Wales to the East and Ireland in which are Northern Ireland and Independent Republic of Ireland in the West. They are separated by the Irish Sea.

The UK is situated in the North West Coast of Europe between the Atlantic Ocean on the north and The North Sea in the East. It separated from the European continent by the the English Channel (La Manche) and the Strait of Dover (Pas de Calais) (Дуверский пролив).

Geographically the islands of GB is subdivided into two main regions: Lowland and Highland compares Eastern and Southern England. Highland consists of Scotland, most of Wales, the Pennines and the Lake District (Озёрский край). The highest mountains are Ben Nevis (1,343 m) inScotlandand Snowdon (1,085 m) in Wales.

The longest rivers in the UK are the Severn (3,54 km) flowing along the border between England and Wales, tributaries (притоки) of which include the Avon famed by Shakespeare, and the Thames which flows East-West to the port of London.

РЕКИ НА КАРТЕ ПОКАЗЫВАТЬ, НАЧИНАЯ ОТ ИСТОКА (НАЧАЛО) И ВЕСТИ ДО УСТЬЯ

УСТЬЕ – МЕСТО ВПАДЕНИЯ РЕКИ В ДРУГУЮ РЕКУ ИЛИ КОНЕЦ РЕКИ

There are many lakes in GB. In the North West side of the Pennines lies the Lake District – the beautiful lakes which gave its name association with the history of English literature and especially with the name William Wordsworth, the founder of the Lake School of Poets.

The largest cities are London, Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Manchester, Sheffield, Bristol, Leeds and Edinburgh.

Climate

Britain is as far North as Siberia. For example, Edinburgh is 56^o North of the equator. The same latitude (широта) as Moscow. Yet, its climate is generally mild and tempered because of the Gulf Stream (a warm ocean wind) which brings warm from the Gulf of Mexico (Мексиканский залив).

The climate in the UK is usually described as cool, tempered and humid (влажный). To say the truth, London is drier then continent cities such as Hamburg. Its weather may be unpredictable, but it’s not particularly wet.

The Northern Mountains have much more rain and snow. The Southern part of England and Wales is a little warmer, sunnier and less misty.

During a normal summer the temperature sometimes rises above 25 degrees in the South. Winter temperature below 5 degrees are rearly. It seldom snows heavily in winters. January and February are usually the coldest months; July and August are warmest.

3 main features of GB climate: mild, humid and changeable. That means that it’s never too hot or cold, too wet or too dry. This humid and mild climate is good for plants.

In the British homes there has been no central heating. The fireplaces are often used. Many schools and universities have no central heating eighter and the floors are made from stone.

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