GREAT BRITAIN

1.Read and translate the following text:

Great Britain.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. The British Isles consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and five thousand small islands. Their total area is over 244,000 square kilometers.

The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast respectively. Great Britain consists of England, Scotland and Wales and does not include Northern Ireland. But in everyday speech "Great Britain" is used to mean the United Kingdom. The capital of the UK is London.

The flag of Great Britain is known as the Union Jack. The flag has the red cross of St. George of England, the white cross of St. Andrew of Scotland, and the red cross of St. Patric of Ireland, all on the blue background.

The anthem of the country is "God, Save the Queen/ King".

The currency of the country is the pound that consists of 100 pence.

The British Isles are separated from the European continent by the North Sea and the English Channel. The western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea.

The surface of the British Isles varies very much. The north of Scotland is mountainous and -the called the Highlands, while the south, which has beautiful valleys and plains, is called the

Lowlands. The north and west of England are mountainous, but all the rest - east, centre and south-east - is vast plain. Mountains are not very high. Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest mountain (1343m).

There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the deepest and the most important one.

The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of Gulf Stream influence the climate of the British Isles. It is mild the whole year round.

Great Britain has a very good position as it lies on the crossways of the sea routes from Europe to other parts of the world. There are many countries which are connected with Great Britain by sea.

The UK is one of the world's smaller countries. It population is over

57 million. About 80% of the population live in cities and town.

Great Britain lives by manufacture and trade. Its agriculture provides only half the food it needs, the other half of its food has to be important

The UK is a highly developed industrial country: every person employed in agriculture, eleven are employed in industry.

Great Britain is known as one of the world's largest producers and exporters of machinery, electronics, textile, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding.

The UK is parliamentary monarchy. In low, the Head of State is the Queen. In practice, the Queen reigns, but does not rule. The country is ruled by the elected government with the Prime Minister at the head. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

And some words about British character. Englishmen are naturally polite and are never tired of saying "Thank you" and "ГМ sorry". They are generally disciplined you will never hear a loud talk in the street. Englishmen do not show their emotions even in tragic situations.

The inhabitants of Great Britain are famous for their customs and traditions. "Custom is almost a second nature", said Plutarch. It's true as for the British.

2. Answer these questions on the text:

1. What is the full name of the country?

2. The UK is an island state, isn't it? Where is it situated?

3. What countries is the UK made of?

4. What are the capitals of these countries?

5. What is the anthem of the country?

6. Is the pound or the dollar the currency of Great Britain?

7. What channel separates the British Isles from the European continent?

8. What is the north (south) of Scotland called?

9. What's the highest mountain in Scotland?

10. Are there a lot of long and deep rivers in Great Britain?

11. Has Britain a tropical climate?

12. What is the population of the UK?

13. The UK is a highly developed industrial country. What does it produce and export?

14. Who is the head of the state?

15. Englishmen are polite, aren't they?

3. Do you know how to translate these word combinations?

To be situated on, to consist of, the total area, in everyday speech, red cross, anthem "God,save the King", to be separated from, beautiful valleys and plains, to influence the climate, to have a very good position, to be employed, chief industry, the elected government, to consist of, to be never tired of saying, to be generally disciplined, to show emotions, to be famous for customs and traditions, custom is almost a second nature.

4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below:

(Scotland, cross, London, British Isles, Severn, rule, background, Belfast, reigns, mild, Wales, mountain, Edinburgh, Highlands, shipbuilding, Lowlands).

1. The В... I... consist of two large islands.

2. The capitals of England, W Scotland and Northern Ireland are L..., Cardiff, andB....

3. The flag has the red c..., the white c... all on the blue b....

4. The north of Scotland is called the H.., while the south of the country is called the L....

5. Ben Nevis in S... is the highest m....

6. The S... is the longest rivers.

7. One of the chief industries of Great Britain is s....

8. The Queen r... but does not r....

9. The climate is m... the whole year round.

5. Complete the sentences:

1. Great Britain does not include Northern Ireland, but...

2. The north of Scotland is called the Highlands because...

3. The south of Scotland has valley and plains, that's why...

4. There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain, but...

5. Great Britain has a very good position because...

6. The UK is a highly developed industrial country, that's why...

7. Englishmen are naturally polite, that's why...

6. Fill in the blanks with the prepositions:

1. The British Isles consist... two islands.

2. The capital... the UK is London.

3. The flag... Great Britain is known as the Union Jack.

4. The British Isles are separated... the European continent... the English Channel.

5. The warm waters... Gulf Stream influence the climate... the British Isles.

6. There are many countries which are connected... Great Britain... sea.

7. About 80%... the population live... towns.

8. Great Britain lives... manufacture and trade.

9. The country is ruled... the elected government... the Prime Minister... the head.

10. It's true as... the British.

7. You have the answers. What are the questions?

What are the questions?

1. London, Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast respectively.

2. The pound is.

3. It is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea.

4. The Thames is.

5. 5.57 mln people.

6. About 20%.

7. Machinery, electronics, textile, aircraft and navigation equipment.

8. Queen Elizabeth.

9. The House of Lords and the House of Commons.

8. Give the information on:

1. Geographical position of the country.

2. The flag and the anthem.

3. The UK is an industrial country.

4. Political system.

5. British character.

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