TEXT С. IN THE DINING-HALL

— Let's go to the dining-hall. We haven't much time left, but we'll manage it all right if you hurry. You take a place in the queue and I'll see what we can get for dinner.

— All right. What is on the menu?

— Cabbage soup with meat, chicken soup with noodles and pea soup.

— I don't know whether I'll have any. What have they got for seconds?

— Fried fish and mashed potatoes, beefsteak, bacon and eggs.

— And for dessert?

— A lot of things. We can have stewed fruit or cranberry jelly or strawberries and cream.

— Then, I'll take cabbage soup with sour cream and... Well, and what about some starter? We've completely forgotten about it.

— As we are in a hurry I believe we can do without it. I never thought you were a big eater.

— Neither did I. But I wouldn't mind having something substantial now.

— So we'll take one cucumber salad and one tomato salad. That'll do for the time being. I think I can manage a bit of fish-jelly as well and then chicken soup with noodles. That'll be fine.

ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY (II) [36]

Words

bacon n napkin n snack n

biscuit n noodle soup n sociable adj

bread-plate n omelet (te) n sour cream n

chips n pastry n starter n

cornflakes n pepper-box (pot) n (beef) steak n

cream n porridge n stewed fruit n

fruit juice n poultry n sugar-basin n

jelly n pudding n sweet n

jug n roast beef n table-cloth n

marmalade n salt-cellar n toast n

mustard-pot n sauce-boat n

Word Combinations

to boil meat (potatoes, cabbage, to fry bacon, eggs, potatoes,

eggs, water, milk, etc) fish (cod, perch, pike, had

to stew fruit (vegetables, meat) dock, trout, salmon)

crust of bread to taste good (bad, deli-

to sit at table (having a meal) cious, etc.)

(cf.: to sit at the table writing to be done to a turn (over

a letter, etc.) done, underdone)

to have (take) smth. for dinner crisp toast

(for the first, second course, to help oneself to smth.

or dessert) to pass smth. to smb,

to butter one's bread (roll, etc.) to dine in (out)

to have a snack (a bite of food) it's to my liking

to have another helping of smth. there's nothing like ice

to roast meat (mutton, pork, cream (steak, etc.)

beef), fowl (chicken, duck, there's nothing else coming

goose, turkey), potatoes for a change

Study themeanings and use of these items of your Essential Vocabulary:

1. Food and Meal. Food is a general term for anything that people eat: bread, meat, fish, vegetables, fruit, milk, tinned goods, sweets, etc.

е.g. Man cannot live without food. The doctor said that the patient needed good nourishing food. Where do you buy your food?

Meal is a generalizing collective term for breakfast, lunch, tea, dinner and supper (cf. the Russian arch, трапеза).

е.g. How many meals a day do you have? Supper is an evening meal. I don't want any hot meal; I think I'll do with a snack.

2. Course is a dish served at a meal; a part of a meal served at one time.

е.g. Dinner may consist of two or more courses. What shall we take for our second course? Soup was followed by a fish course.

3. To fry, to roast, to stew. To fry means "to cook (or be cooked) in boiling fat". We usually fry fish, potatoes, eggs, bacon, pancakes, etc.

To roast means "to cook (or be cooked) in an oven or over an open fire." In this way we may cook meat (veal, pork), fowl (chicken, turkey), etc.

To stew means "to cook by slow boiling in a closed pan with little water." In this way meat may be cooked, also vegetables, fruit, etc.

4. Starter (pl -s) is a dish served before or at the beginning of a meal (it may be salad, fish, olives, soup, fruit juice, etc.) Hors d'oeuvre (pl -s) is usually used on menucards.

5. Omelette is eggs beaten together with milk and fried or baked in a pan. The English for яичница is "fried eggs". We eat fried eggs, soft-boiled eggs, hard-boiled eggs, scrambled eggs, poached eggs, four-minute boiled eggs.

6. Porridge is a dish of oatmeal or other meal (buckwheat, semolina, millet, etc.) boiled in some water. Milk and sugar or milk and salt are added to it.

7. Toast is sliced bread made brown and crisp on the outside by heating in a toaster. Toast is placed on a toastrack.

8. Chips are fried pieces of potato, often eaten with fried fish.

9. Soft and strong drinks прохладительные и крепкие напитки.

Soft drinks are lemonade, fruit drinks, fruit juice, etc. Strong drinks are wine, liqueurs, brandy, vodka, etc.

10. Jelly is usually made by boiling fruit (cranberries, strawberries, raspberries, gooseberries, currants, apricots, etc.) and sugar. Something is added to make the mixture stiff.

11. Marmalade is a kind of jam made from orange or lemon cut up and boiled with sugar.

12. Pudding is a very popular English dish. It is a thick mixture of flour, suet, meat, fruit, etc., cooked by boiling, steaming or baking. There are many kinds of pudding. Some of them are quite substantial and serve as the main course of lunch or dinner. Others are rather like sweet cake and eaten for dessert.

EXERCISES

I. Study Text A and a) spell and transcribe English equivalents of the following:

(первый) завтрак, каша, корнфлекс, бекон, тост, мармелад, сок, достаточный, пудинг, компот; основательная (еда), ростбиф, омлет, сосиски, сухое печенье.

b) give the four forms of the following verbs:

eat, fry, roast, accompany, fill, bring.

c) explain the meaning of the following phrases:

a full meal, plain food, a sociable time, a housekeeping budget, to go under various names, social standing.

II. Try your hand at teaching:

A. Preparation. Write 15questions about Text A. See to it that a word or phrase from Ex. I isused either in each of your questions or in answers to them.

B. Work in Class. Ask your questions in class and correct the students' mistakes (see "Classroom English", Sections I, II, III, VIII, IX).[37]

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