Exercises to the text

Find the false sentences using the information from the text. Correct them

1 The building materials should be available and not expensive.

2 It is not important that the building material should be durable.

3 Brick is the most ancient structural material.

4 Stone is widely used for foundations.

5 Mass concrete was employed by the Greeks.

6 Glass is used as a binding material.

7 plastics are widely used nowadays in the construction of buildings.

Find sentences describing concrete

1 This material is most widely used for the purpose of binding together masonry units.

2 This material is also known to one of the components of concrete.

3 This material is a mixture of sand, crushed stone, gravel with mortal.

4 This material is used largely for the foundations and walls.

5 This material belongs to the group of artificial building materials.

6 This material was reinforced by steel in the 19-th century.

Match the beginnings of the sentences to their ends using the information from the text

1The building materials vary… a) with the help of mortar.

2 Stone is one of the oldest materials… b) in the construction of buildings.

3 Bricks are early fastened together… c) in the properties desired by the engineer.

4 Steel has come into general use… d) to add beauty to modern houses.

5 Glass is widely used… e) used by man.

6 Architects have turned to plastics… f) with the development of industry.

Complete the following sentences using the information from the text

1 The mechanical... of wood are very good.

2 Stone is widely used for the support of....

3 A brick building is strong,... and weather-resistant.

4 Binding materials are used for... different plans.

5 Concrete may be used for... under water.

6 Plastics are various organic... of resin, cellulose and protein.

7 Lime and gypsum are used as... of wall plaster.

5.3.5 Ask your partner the following questions. Listen to his/her answers. Don’t forger to change over

1 What are the properties of the building materials?

2 What are the most commonly used building materials?

3 Do building materials differ from each other?

4 What can you say about the most ancient building materials?

5 Is concrete an artificial or natural building material?

6 Into what groups do we divide building materials?

7 What binding materials do you know?

8 What are auxiliary materials used for?

With your partner compare the structural features of stone and

concrete

Finding the text and put down key words that can be used to

Speak about different building materials

5.3.8 Speak on the topic under consideration. Use the following plan:

1 The choice of building materials.

2 The main properties of the building materials.

3 The classification of the building materials.

4 The most commonly used building materials.

Study the text and translate it using a dictionary

Text 5 В

TIMBER

Timber is the most ancient structural material. In comparison with steel timber is lighter, cheaper, easier to work and its mechanical properties are good. On the other hand, timber has certain disadvantages. First, it burns and is therefore unsuitable for fireproof buildings. Second, it decays.

At present an enormous amount of timber is employed for a vast number of purposes. In building timber is used too.

Timber is a name applied to the cut material derived from trees. Timber used for building purposes is divided into two groups: softwoods and hardwoods. Hardwoods are chiefly used for decorative purposes, as for paneling, veneering in furniture, and some of them are selected for structural use because of their high strength and durability. In modern construction timber is often used for window and door frame, flooring, fences and gates, wall plates, for temporary buildings and unpainted internal woodwork.

Timber cannot be used for either carpenters` or joiners` work immediately it has been felled because of the large amount of sap, which it contains. Most of this moisture must be removed, otherwise the timber will shrink excessively, causing defects in the work and a tendency to decay. Elimination of moisture increases the strength, durability and resilience of timber.

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