VIII. Make up general and disjunctive questions, and answer them according to the models

a) Model. Moscow is the capital of Russia.

Is Moscow the capital of Russia? – Yes, it is.

Moscow is the capital of Russia, isn’t it?- Yes, it is.

1. Russia is the world’s largest country in area.

2. The climate in Siberia is continental.

3. It is warm in the south.

4. The head of the state is the President.

5. The head of the government is the Prime Minister.

6. There are different climatic zones in Russia.

7. There are abundant natural resources in our country.

b) Model. Russia borders on many countries.

Does Russia border on many countries?

Russia borders on many countries, doesn’t it?. – Yes, it does.

1. The Russia Federation extends from the Arctic Ocean to the Baltic Sea.

2. The President appoints the ministers.

3. The government works in Moscow.

4. Moscow attracts tourists from all over the world.

5. The federal government consists of three branches.

IX.. Make up questions the answers to which will be words in italics. The words in brackets will help you.

1. Russia is located in Europe and Asia (what).

2. Natural resources include large deposits of gas, coal, and iron ore (what).

3. The President appoints the ministers (who).

4. You can see lowlands on its territory (what).

5. The red colour symbolizes the liberty on the Russian flag (what).

6. About 70 per cent of the people prefer to live in cities, towns and their outskirts (how many).

7. Moscow was founded in 1147 (when).

8. The Volga flows into the Caspian Sea (where).

Х. Ask the questions to the underlined words.

1. Russia covers the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia.

2. The Russian Federation borders on Finland, China, Korea.

3. The largest mountain chain, the Urals separates Europe from Asia.

4 The Amur in the Far East flows into the Pacific Ocean.

4. Russian forests are concentrated in the European north of the country.

5. The legislative power in Russia is exercised by the Duma.

6 The Russian Federation produces machines, airplanes, ships, TV sets, refrigerators and other things.

7. The depth of Lake Baikal is 1600 metres.

8 In the middle of the country the climate is continental.

9. The President controls only the executive branch.

10. The population of the country is over 140 million people.

11. Eighty per cent are ethnic Russians in our country.

ХI.. Put the verbs in brackets into the right form:

1. I (to be) a citizen of the Russian Federation.

2. The Russian Federation (to occupy) about one seventh of the Earth surface.

3. The Russian Federation (to border) on fourteen countries.

4. It (to have) a sea –border with the USA.

5. The highest mountains in our land (to be) the Altai, the Urals, the Caucasus.

6. Our country (to have) a multiparty system.

7. The Black sea (to be) a very popular place for people who (to prefer) to spend their holidays at the seaside.

8. As for me, I (to visit) a lot of places in my country.

ХII. Make up as many words as you can by combining different parts of the words.

differ -ent - ment

continent - ence - dom

govern - al

in- free

education - ful

region

use

ХIII. Try to match up the adjectives in column A with the nouns in column B

to form meaningful phrases.

A B

1. large a) territory

2. total b) deposit

3. official c) stripes

4. wide d) emblem

5. different e) zones

6. natural f) resources

7. russian g) flag

8. vast h) grasslands

9. horizontal i) language

10. national j) area

ХIV. Decide which of the verbs on the left collocate with the nouns on the right

to border… deposits

to o include… ministers

to appoint… the city

to restore… tourists

to attract… countries

ХV. Divide the following words into tree groups, those which describe a) surface, b) climate, c) flag

Surface, cold, warm, grasslands, stripes, highlands, summer, lakes, rivers, to symbolize, mountain chains, plains, continental, mild, forests, freedom, sky, national symbol, climatic zones, low-lands, two-headed eagle, to separate.

ХVI. Find the words which have the similar meanings as the following words (synonyms).

The biggest, territory, whole, different, a lot of, plentiful, to contain, towns, liberty, to ruin, nice, famous, centre.

ХVII. Find the words which have the opposite meanings to the following words. (antonyms).

Lowlands, narrow, in the south, hot, small, majority, vertical, black, to restore, weaker, above, agricultural.

ХVIII.. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Самое глубокое озеро на земном шаре – озеро Байкал.

2. Законодательная власть в России принадлежит Федеральному Собранию, состоящему из двух палат.

3. Едва ли есть ещё одна страна в мире с такой разнообразной флорой и фауной.

4. Россия богата углём, нефтью, газом, медью и другими полезными ископаемыми.

5. Самые крупные города России: Москва, Санкт-Петербург, Иркутск, Краснодар, Владивосток и др.

6. Исполнительная власть в стране контролируется Президентом.

7. Россия омывается тремя океанами: Тихим, Северным Ледовитым и Атлантическим.

8. На юге и на западе Российская Федерация граничит с четырнадцатью странами.

9. Судебная власть в государстве принадлежит системе судов, включающей Конституционный суд, Верховный и федеральные суды.

10. На огромной территории России существуют различные климатические пояса.

11. Москва – один из самых крупных городов мира, политический, научный, промышленный и культурный центр нашей страны.

12. Россия расположена в восточной части Европы и северной части Азии.

13. Население, занятое в сельском хозяйстве производит зерно, мясо и молочные продукты.

14. Государственными символами России являются флаг и герб.

ХIХ. Read and translate the following dialogue.

Memorize and dramatize the dialogue.

Act out similar dialogues according to the information in the text.

A. Hi, Dima! You have come at last. Glad to see you.

B. Hi, Max! Glad to see you too.

A. Have you prepared for your History classes?

B. Yes, I have. We should have prepared texts about the state system of the Russian Federation.

A. You are absolutely right. But I was busy yesterday and didn’t manage to prepare the material. Will you be so kind as to tell me about it in brief?

B. Certainly. Don’t worry. It is not too complex. Hope, that you do know who is at head of our country.

A. Naturally. The President, who is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. He also appoints ministers in the government.

B. That’s fine. Do you know what branches the federal government consists of?

A. I wish I knew.

B. You see, the federal government includes three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The legislative power is realized by the Federal Assembly, which consists of two chambers:the Upper Chamber, The Council of Federation, and the Lower Chamber, the State Duma. The executive power belongs …

A. Oh, sorry for interrupting you. I do know about it. It belongs to the Government, which is headed by the Prime Minister.

B. Good for you. And the judicial power is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court, and the regional courts. That’s all.

A. I don’t know how to thank you.

B. Not at all. It was a real pleasure for me to do it.

XX. Act as an interpreter.

The History of Russia.

A conversation between a Russian student and an American student is taking place in the library.

A. – Привет, Джон. Что ты здесь делаешь?

J. Hi, Andrew. You see, I am reading a book on Russian history.

A. Замечательно. Знать историю любой страны полезно.

J. You are absolutely right. It helps me to understand better your people’s customs and traditions.

А. - У нашей страны очень богатая история.

J. – I agree with, but it is too complex.

А. – Тебе не всё понятно? Могу я помочь?

J. To tell the truth, I haven’t quite got why in the 18^th century French became the official language in your country.

A. – Если я не ошибаюсь, к концу 18 века русская аристократия приняла европейскую одежду и речь…

J. – I see. It was during the reign of Catherine the Great, a period, which was characterized by the great cultural growth.

A. – Да, это было давно.

J. Well, the 20^th century was difficult for Russian history.

A- Да, ты прав.

XXI. Do you know?

1. the biggest Russian lake?

2. The longest Russian river (in European and Asian parts of the Russian Federation)?

3. A city with subtropical climate?

4. Cities with arctic climate?

5. Agricultural regions?

6. Old historical cities?

7. Places of recreation and tourism?

ХXII. Speak on the following topics:

1. The geography and scenery of Russia.

2. Climate and mineral resources.

3. The political system of Russia.

XXIII. Discuss the following proverb together with your friend, and say if you agree with it.

There is no place like home.

XXIV. Arrange role-plays on the following subjects. Be as imaginative as you can.

1. At the Tourist Agency in Russia.

2. You are a guide to a foreigner.

Test.

1. Choose the proper words and fill in the blanks.

1. We are proud … the country.

A in B of C on D to

2. … rivers include the Volga in Europe, the Yenisei, the Ob, the Lena in Asia.

A abundant B national c major D total

3. The greatest … of natural gas are located in Siberia and the Far East.

A mineral B concentrate C deposits D plains

4 The city was … restored after the Tartar invasion.

A especially B densely C naturally D gradually

5 St Basil's Cathedral has many …

A eagles B domes C chambers D counts

6. The … power is realized by the Federal Assembly.

A executive B judicial C legislative D federal

7. The Upper chamber of the Federal Assembly is called the … of Federation.

A Duma B Council C Court D State

8. AT the end of the 18^th century the Russian aristocracy … the European clothes and speech.

A approved B appointed C adopted D destroyed

9. The period, when Catherine the Great …, was characterized by the great cultural growth.

A reigned B adopted C ruined D restored

10. Now we can easily travel abroad, enjoy … of speech and religion.

A abundant B wealth C court D freedom

Additional text.

Moscow.

Vocabulary.

historian - историк

to accept - принимать, допускать

gradually - постепенно

powerful - сильный, могущественный

liberation - освобождение

tartar yoke - татарское иго

united - соединённый, объединённый

target - мишень, цель, объект

to destroy - разрушать

occupation - оккупация

ancient - древний

masterpiece - шедевр

architecture - архитектура

to blind - ослепить

mansion - особняк

to reconstruct - перестраивать, восстанавливать

unique - единственный, уникальный в своём роде

higher educational institution - высшее учебное заведение

Names.

Ivan the Terrible - Иван Грозный

Peter the Great - Пётр Великий (Пётр I)

St Basil’s Cathedral - собор Василия Блаженного

the bell Tower of Ivan the Great - колокольня Ивана Великого

the Tzar – Cannon - Царь – пушка

the Tzar-Bell - Царь-колокол

Barma and Postnic - Барма и Постник

the Pushkin Museum - Музей изобразительных искусств имени Пушкина

the State Tretyakov Gallery - Государственная Третьяковская галерея

the Andrey Rublev Museum

of Early Russian Art Музей древнерусского искусства имени Рублёва

Alexei Bakhrushin Theatre - Театральный музей имени Бахрушина

Mikhail Glinka of Museum Culture - Музей музыкальной культуры имени Глинки

the Bolshoi Opera House - Большой театр оперы и балета

Moscow.

Moscow is the capital of Russia, its political, economic, commercial and cultural centre. It was founded 8 centuries ago by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky. Historians have accepted the year of 1147 as the start of Moscow’s history. Gradually the city became more and more powerful. In the 13^th century Moscow was the centre of the struggle of Russian lands for the liberation from the tartar yoke. In the 16^th century under Ivan the Terrible Moscow became the capital of the new united state. Though Peter the Great moved the capital to ST Petersburg in 1712, Moscow remained the heart of Russia. That is why it became the main target of Napoleon’s attack. Three-quarters of the city was destroyed by fire during Napoleon’s occupation, but by the mid-19^th century Moscow had been completely restored. After the October revolution Moscow became the capital again.

Now Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world. Its total area is about nine hundred square kilometers. The population of the city is over 8 million.

Moscow is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. The heart of Moscow is Red Square. It has more historic associations than any other place in Moscow. The Kremlin and ST Basil’s Cathedral (Vasily Blazheny) are masterpieces of ancient Russian architecture. The main Kremlin tower, the Spasskaya Tower, has became the symbol of the country. On the territory of the Kremlin you can see old cathedrals, Bell Tower of Ivan the Great, the Palace of Congresses, the Tzar- Connon and the Tzar-Bell, the biggest cannon and bell in the world. St Basil’s Cathedral was built in the mid-16^th century in memory of the victory over Kazan. There is a legend that Ivan the Terrible blinded the architects Barma and Postnic, because he didn’t want them to create another masterpiece.

There are a lot of beautiful places, old mansions, cathedrals, churches and monuments in Moscow. Now Moscow is being reconstructed and we all hope that in a few years the city will become even more beautiful.

There are more than 80 museums in Moscow. The largest museums are the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and the State Tretyakov Gallery. Other unique museums in Moscow include the All-Russian Museum of Folk Arts, the Andrey Rublev Museum of Early Russian Art, Alexei Bakhrushin Theatre Museum, Mikhail Glinka Museum of Musical Culture and many others.

Moscow is famous for its theatres. The best-known of them is the Bolshoi Opera House. Drama theatres and studios are also very popular.

Moscow is a city of students. There are over 80 higher educational institutions in it, including several universities.

Moscow is the seat of the Russian Parliament (the Duma) and the centre of political life of the country.

I. Answer the following questions.

1. When was Moscow founded?

2. Is there a monument to Yuri Dolgoruky in Moscow? Where is it?

3. When did Moscow become the capital?

4. In 1712 the capital was moved to St Petersburg, wasn’t it? When did Moscow become the capital again?

5. Was ancient Moscow a big city? What’s total area of modern Moscow?

6. What’s the population of Moscow?

7. What places of interest in the centre of Moscow do you know?

8. What do you know about St Basil’s Cathedral?

9. What can you see on the territory of the Kremlin?

10. What are the most famous Moscow museums? (art galleries?)

11. What theatres in Moscow do you know?

12. What is your favorite place in Moscow?

Translate into English:

1. Старинные церкви, соборы и монастыри привлекают тысячи туристов со всего света.

2. Москва знаменита своими художественными музеями, в которых размещаются уникальные коллекции произведений русских и зарубежных художников.

3. Башни Кремля были построены для украшения, когда Москва перестала быть крепостью.

4. В соборах Кремля короновали и хоронили (bury) царей и императоров.

5. Во время татарского нашествия Кремль несколько раз разрушали, но быстро отстраивали.

6. Соборы и колокольня Ивана Великого были построены между 15 и 17 веками.

7. Сначала Москва была посёлком (settlement), позже город был укреплён (to be fortified) и стал торговым центром.

8. Перенос столицы в Санкт-Петербург привёл Москву к упадку (decline).

9. Москва – промышленный и торговый центр, местонахождение правительства Российской федерации.

10. Официальная дата основания Москвы – 1147 год.

St Petersburg.

Vocabulary.

swampy - болотистый

mouth - устье (реки)

ruler - правитель

empire - империя

rapidly - быстро

to lay out - планировать

harmonious - гармоничный

equal - равный, не уступающий

to rename - переименовывать

to suffer - страдать

to lay siege to - осадить

starvation - голод

shelling - бомбёжка

air raid - воздушный налёт

to catch smb's eye - привлечь внимание, притягивать

arm - рукав

artistically - мастерски

Names.

Peter the Great - Пётр Великий (Пётр I)

the winter palace - Зимний дворец

St Isaac’s Cathedral - Исаакиевский собор

the Admiralty - Адмиралтейство

St Petersburg.

St Petersburg is the second largest city in Russia and one of the most beautiful cities in the world. It was founded in 1703 by Peter the Great as the “ Window on the west”. Thousands of workmen were brought from all parts of Russia to build a new city on the swampy land at the mouth of the Neva River. Peter the Great was in a hurry. The work was fast and hard, and workmen dropped dead by the hundreds. But the work went on.

St Petersburg, a city of great beauty, with places, cathedrals, churches, governments buildings became the capital. Under later rulers the new capital of the Russian Empire grew rapidly in wealth and beauty. Architects were brought from western Europe to lay out the city in harmonious squares. Buildings were constructed of Grey and rose-coloured granite. The Hermitage Palace and the Winter Palace, the homes of the tzars, were equal to any in Europe.

When the First World War began in 1914, the German-sounding name, St Petersburg, was changed to Petrograd. After the October Revolution the city was renamed after Lenin.

During the Great Patriotic War the city suffered a great deal. The German armies laid siege to it in 1941, and for the next year and a half it was cut off from the rest of country. No food could be brought in, and people died of starvation. Daily shelling and air raids destroyed parts of the city. Thousands of people were killed. Rebuilding took years.

Now St Petersburg is an important industrial, cultural and educational centre. The population of the city is over 5 million.

St Petersburg is indeed a wonderful city: at every turn there is something to catch your eye. The Winter Palace, the Hermitage, the Russian Museum, St Isaac’s Cathedral, the Peter-and-Paul Fortress, the Admiralty building attract thousands of tourists from every corner of the world.

Petersburg’s many museums house some of the world’s most famous art collections. The Hermitage, for example, contains the richest collections of pictures in the world.

The city is called the Northern Venice because there are 65 rivers, arms and canals there with artistically decorated bridges. It’s also famous its beautiful white nights.

Answer the questions

1. Have you ever been to St Petersburg?

2. Is St Petersburg as old as Moscow?

3. Who was the city founded by and when did it become the capital of the Russian Empire?

4. Peter I thought that Moscow looked provincial in comparison with the capitals he had visited and decided to build a magnificent city equal any European capital. Did he succeed?

5. How many times has the city been renamed and why?

6. Did the city suffer a great deal during the Great Patriotic War?

7. What is St Petersburg famous for?

8. Have you ever been to the Russian Museum?(the Hermitage?)

9. What other places of interest in St Petersburg do you know?

10. Why is St Petersburg called the Northern Venice?

Translate into English.

1. Санкт- Петербург, второй по величине город России, был основан в 1703 году.

2. Тысячи рабочих изо всех частей России, построили великолепный город.

3. При (under) более поздних правителях западные архитекторы спланировали город, рабочие построили здания из серого и розового гранита.

4. По красоте Санкт- Петербург не уступает любому из Европейских городов.

5. Санкт- Петербург переименовывался несколько раз: в 1914 году название сменили на Петроград, после Октябрьской революции город стал Ленинградом, в 90-е годы ему вернули его первоначальное название.

6. Город сильно пострадал во время блокады (siege), от бомбёжек и налётов.

7. После войны Ленинград был восстановлен.

8. Великолепные дворцы, соборы и музеи Санкт- Петербурга привлекают тысячи туристов из разных стран.

9. Санкт-Петербург знаменит своими белыми ночами.

10. Эрмитаж содержит самую богатую художественную коллекцию в мире.

Role-play.

Arrange an excursion about Moscow and St Petersburg.

Рецензия

На методическое пособие ассистента кафедры ИЯГЕНО Ремизовой И.В «Российская Федерация».

Настоящее методическое пособие предназначено для студентов I курса всех специальностей.

Цель пособия – сформировать навыки устной и письменной речи, отработать грамматические навыки по соответствующей тематике.

Пособие включает страноведческие тексты: Российская Федерация, Москва, Санкт-Петербург.

После текстов представлены разнообразные упражнения по грамматике, лексике, креативные задания.

Предложены ролевые игры для закрепления данной страноведческой темы.

Представленное пособие соответствует цели и отвечает предъявляемым требованиям.

Пособие может быть рекомендовано к распространению через участок ротапринтной печати АГТУ и использованию в учебном процессе.

Литература.

1. И.П. Агабекян: «Английский для экономистов», Ростов-на-Дону, 2002

2. Т.А. Карпова: «Английский для колледжей», Москва, 2005.

3. В.А. Миловидов: «Устные темы по английскому языку», 1997.

4. И.В. Цветкова: «Английский язык для абитуриентов и студентов», Москва, 1995.

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