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INTERCULTURAL UNDERSTANDING
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There was a time when intercultural understanding was a nicety, a luxury for the idle rich. Now the world has changed dramatically. To survive in international communication we must be able to understand more about other countries, other cultures, and other ways of doing business. Here are some tips for this.
First of all never generalize. People can’t be stereotyped. Even though they look alike, speak the same language, eat similar food, practice the same religion and live in the same country, each and every person you meet will be different.
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The first impression you produce is very powerful. A good first impression creates the expectation of a positive relationship. A bad first impression, on the other hand, can be overcome only with a lot of work over a long period of time – and sometimes we don’t get that chance!
Be careful with names and titles. For Europeans, a person’s name and title express or imply a wealth of information about family history, education, profession, reputation and personal achievement.
Language and body language is a great gift. It is your initial act of sharing yourself. It is the best way to win friends for yourself, your country and your company. To learn another’s language is the greatest of compliments and you will be richly rewarded.
Be careful about touching. We all know the Italians, Greeks and Spanish are touchers. The English and Scandinavians are non-touchers. Touching is a behavior reserved for friends and family members in almost all cultures. People generally do not touch or want to be touched by strangers, people they meet occasionally, new business associates or new acquaintances.
Food – how you eat it and how you react to it – is essential to the art of diplomacy. Your behavior at the table also is one of the quickest ways to make or lose foreign friends. When your hosts offer you a food that’s local delicacy or national specialty, they are offering you a sample of their culture as well as their friendship.
One more important thing is the way you dress. Europeans make judgments based on appearance and clothing. How you dress is seen as an indicator of your personality and social status.
| II. VOCABULARY |
| 1. intercultural[ˌɪntər'kʌltʃərəl] Intercultural understanding became very important. | межкультурный Межкультурное общение стало очень важным |
| 2. luxury [ˈlʌkʃərɪ] | роскошь |
| 3. dramatically [drəˈmætɪkəlɪ] The situation has changed dramatically. | кардинально Ситуация кардинально изменилась. |
| 4. to survive [səˈvaɪv] These tips are essential to survive. | выжить Эти советы необходимы для того, чтобы выжить. |
| 5. to generalize [ˈdʒenərəlaɪz] | обобщать |
| 6. stereotype [ˈstɪərɪətaɪp] There are a lot of stereotypes about Russians. | стереотип О русских существует множество стереотипов. |
| 7. consideration [kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃən] Consideration is a quality you need to be a successful internationalist. | учет и понимание особенностей другого человека Учет и понимание особенностей другого человека – качество, необходимое вам для того, чтобы общаться с представителями других наций. |
| 8. local [ˈləukəl] | местный |
| 9. impression [ɪmˈpreʃən] | впечатление |
| 10. expectation [ˌekspekˈteɪʃən] A good first impression creates the expectation of a positive relationship. | ожидание Первое впечатление создает основу для хороших отношений. |
| 11. to overcome[ˌəuvəˈkʌm] | преодолеть |
| 12. to imply [ɪmˈplaɪ] | подразумевать |
| 13. initial [ɪˈnɪʃəl] | первоначальный |
| 14. to share['ʃɛər] Language is your initial act of sharing yourself. | делиться (своими чувствами) Язык – основное средство самопрезентации. |
| 15. to be rewarded [rɪˈwɔ:dɪd] | получить вознаграждение |
| 16. touchers [ˈtʌtʃəz] / non-touchers [nɔn ˈtʌtʃəz] The nations can be described as touchers and non-touchers. | люди, любящие / не любящие прикосновения (тактильный контакт) Народы можно описать как тех, кто любит или не любит прикосновения. |
| 17. associate [əˈsəuʃɪət] | коллега, партнер |
| 18. acquaintance[əˈkweɪntəns] He has a lot of business associates and new acquaintances in different countries. | знакомый У него много деловых партнеров и знакомых в разных странах. |
| 19. essential [ɪˈsenʃəl] | необходимый, обязательный |
| 20. delicacy [ˈdelɪkəsɪ] This food is local delicacy. | деликатес Это блюдо – местный деликатес. |
| 21. to make judgments [meɪk ˈdʒʌdʒmənts] Europeans like to make judgments of other people based on appearance. | судить о людях Европейцы любят судить о других людях по внешности. |
| III. READING COMPREHENSION |
| 1. Answer the questions: |
1. What is essential to survive in the world now?
2. Why should people not generalize?
3. What does consideration mean?
4. What does the first impression create?
5. What does a person’s name imply for Europeans?
6. What is the initial act of sharing yourself?
7. What nations are considered non-touchers?
8. What is important for the art of diplomacy?
9. Is the way people are dressed important for Europeans?
| 2. Complete the sentences: |
1. There was a time when........................................ understanding was a nicety.
2. Now the world..........................................dramatically.
3. Consideration and respect are the qualities you most need to be a successful..................................
4. A........................................................... creates the expectation of a positive relationship.
5.............................................. with names and titles.
6. To learn another’s language is the greatest of........................................
7. Touching is a behavior reserved for.............................................................. in almost all cultures.
8. Your..................................... at the table also is one of the quickest ways to make or lose foreign friends.
9. How you dress is seen as an............................................. and social status.
| IV. ANALYZE |
| 1. Match the words with their Russian equivalents |
| 1.relationship | a.национальное блюдо |
| 2.associate | b.образец |
| 3.to react | c.дар |
| 4.appearance | d.общение |
| 5.to overcome | e.реагировать |
| 6.communication | f.подразумевать |
| 7.national specialty | g.преодолевать |
| 8.gift | h.внешность |
| 9.sample | i.отношение |
| 10.imply | j.коллега |
| 2. Give the English equivalents: |
1. праздные богачи ………………………………………………………………..……
2. исповедовать общую веру.………………………………………………….………
3. наблюдать ……………………………………………………………………..……
4. богатая информация ……………………………………………………..…….…..
5. личное достижение ……………………………………..……………….…..……..
6. скандинавы …………………………………………………………………………..
7. искусство дипломатии ……………………………………..…………….….….….
8. знакомый ……………………………………………..………………………..….…
9. судить ……………..………..…………………………………………...……………
10. социальный статус.…………………..……………………………………….……
| 3. Prove the following statements: |
1. People can’t be stereotyped.
2. The first impression you produce is very powerful.
3. Names and titles are very important.
4. You must be careful about touching.
5. Food is essential to the art of diplomacy.
| 4. Match the following English words with their synonyms: |
| 1.tip | a.regional |
| 2.delicacy | b.completely |
| 3.to survive | c.label, heading |
| 4.to reward | d.advice |
| 5.local | e.to compensate |
| 6.dramatically | f.feast, treat |
| 7.title | g.praise, flattery |
| 8.compliment | h.continue to live |
| 5. Put the words in the correct word order |
1. has changed/ now/ dramatically/ the world/.
2. different/ and/ person/ every/ will be/ each/ you meet/.
3. write/ actively/ and/ hear/ down/ what you/ listen/.
4. don’t get/ sometimes/ chance/ we/ that/.
5. way/ the best/ friends/ it is/ for you/ to win/.
6. scandinavians/ are/ and/non - touchers/ the English/.
7. you/ their friendship / their culture/ as well as/ are offering/ they/ a sample of/.
8. thing/ is the way/ one more/ dress/ important/ you/.
| V. TRANSLATE |
1. Межкультурное взаимопонимание стало необходимым, поскольку мир кардинально изменился. ……………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………...……..………….
2. Люди охотно верят стереотипам о других нациях и опровергают стереотипы о своем собственном народе. ……………………………………………………..……..
…………………………………………………………………………………..……....
3. Если вы не знаете как вести себя в чужой стране – понаблюдайте за местными жителями. ……………………………………………………………………..………
………………………………………………………………………..………………...
4. Существует множество поговорок о важности первого впечатления.
…………………………………………………………………………..……………...
5. Немцы очень трепетно относятся к употреблению звания с именем собственным – для них это показатель статуса и достижений человека.
…………………………………………………………………….…………………….
………………………………………………………………………..………………...
6. Существуют специальные курсы, обучающие владению языком тела.
…………………………………………………………………………………..……...
7. Трудно сказать, являются ли русские нацией, которая считает приемлемым частые прикосновения. ……………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………..……...
8. Отказаться попробовать местный деликатес значит нанести обиду, которую нелегко забыть. ……………………………………………………………….……….
………………………………………………………………………………..………...
| VI. SPEAKING |
| 1. Read the information about good manners accepted in Europe. What is new to you? |
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