4.2. Past simple, Past continuous, Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous
Past simple
Past continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continuous
Слова-инди-каторы
yesterday, then, when, How long ago…?, last night/week/month/year/Tuesday, three days/weeks ago, in 1997 и т.д.
while, when, as, all morning / evening / day / night и т.д.
before, after, already, just, for, since, till/until, when, by, by the time, never и т.д.
for, since, how long, before, until и т.д.
Use
Обозначает
– действие, которое произошло в прошлом. Время действия указано либо понятно из ситуации.
Your mother phoned a few minutes ago. I never learnt to swim as a child.
– действия, которые происходили в прошлом одно за другим
First she paid the driver, then she got out of the taxi.
– привычки и регулярные действия в прошлом
We went out for a meal every evening on holiday.
Обозначает
– действие, которое происходило в указанный промежуток времени (начало и конец действия значения не имеют)
At seven o'clock yesterday evening they were having dinner.
– действие, которое развивалось, когда это первое было прервано вторым. Past Simple используется для обозначения второго действия.
They were watching a film when we arrived.
– для двух или более одновременных действий
She was talking on her mobile phone while she was driving to work.
Обозначает
– действие, которое произошло раньше другого действия в прошлом
She had finished work when she met her friends for coffee. (She finished work first and then she met her friends.)
– действие, которое закончилось в прошлом и, результат которого был очевиден в прошлом
He was happy, he had signed an important contract.
Обозначает
– действие, которое началось в прошлом, длилось некоторое время и закончилось до другого прошедшего действия
They had been looking for a house for six months before they found the one they liked.
1. Identify the tenses, then match them to the correct descriptions.
1. People had very simple lives in those days.
2. She was talking on the phone when her boss came in.
3. Sam was in hospital because he had crashed his car.
4. They had been studying hard all morning, so they were tired.
5. I was cooking lunch while he was pouring the drinks.
6. We had been living in the house for a year before we decorated the kitchen.
7. Princess Diana did a lot of work for charity.
8. At two o'clock this afternoon they were having lunch at work.
9. First, she knocked on the door. Then, she went inside.
10. We had bought the tickets before we went to the theatre.
a) to talk about actions of people who are no longer alive
b) action which happened before another past action before a stated time in the past
c) actions which happened immediately one after other in the past
d) to put emphasis on the duration of an action which started and finished in the past before another past action
e) action which was in progress at a stated time in the past
f) two or more simultaneous actions
g) action in progress when another action interrupted it
h) action which lasted for some time in the past and whose result was visible in the past
i) past habit or state which is now finished
j) action which finished in the past and whose result was visible in the past
2. Choose the correct answer.
1. He went to bed B he had brushed his teeth.
A before В after С while
2. I was watching television ______ the doorbell rang.
A when В as soon as С while
3. She ______ hadn't finished the washing-up when the guests arrived.
A yet В just С still
4. We had been walking for hours ______ we reached the campsite.
A since В for С before
5. John was repairing the car______ Steve was tidying the garage.
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