Higher education in Ukraine

Higher education is either state funded or private. Students that study at state expense receive a standard scholarship if their average marks at the end-of-term exams and differentiated test are at least 4 or 5.

Most universities provide subsidized housing for out-of-city students. Also, it is common for libraries to supply required books for all registered students. There are two degrees conferred by Ukrainian universities: the Bachelor's Degree (4 years) and the Master's Degree (5–6th year).

Major universities in Ukraine:

· Dnipropetrovsk National University

· Donetsk National University

· Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute

· Kharkiv University (Karazin Kharkiv National University)

· Kyiv Polytechnic Institute

· Lugansk State Medical University

· Lviv Polytechnic

· Lviv University (Ivan Franko National University of Lviv)

· National Mining University

· National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy

· Nizhyn Gogol State University

· Odessa University (I.I. Mechnikov Odessa National University)

· Ostroh Academy

· Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv

· Tavrida National V.I. Vernadsky University

· Ternopil National Economic University

· Uzhgorod National University

E x e r c i s e s

I. Answer the questions:

1. What are five levels of Ukrainian educational system?

2. When does the school year begin?

3. What subjects do the pupils study at the middle school?

4. What do the pupils pass at 9 and 11 forms?

5. Do eleven graders take separate entrance exams?

6. What degrees are conferred by Ukrainian universities?

7. What higher educational establishments do you know in Ukraine?

II. Match the words and words combinations with its translation:

1) the national Government budget

2) primary and secondary levels of education

3) younger

4) middle

5) senior

6) school curriculum

7) Independent Government Tests

8) a standard scholarship

9) out-of-city students

10) the Bachelor's Degree

11) the Master's Degree

a) початкова

b) ступінь бакалавра

c) немісцеві студенти

d) середня

e) старша

f) ступінь магістра

g) національний урядовий бюджет

h) звичайно стипендія

i) зовнішнє незалежне тестування

j) початковий і середній рівні освіти

UZHGOROD

Uzhgorod is a regional city and the capital of Transcarpathian region. Population of Uzhgorod is over 150,000.

It is one of the oldest towns of Kyiv Rus. In 8^th century a town came into being here around Zanchishche – the center of Principality of White Croatians. The original name of the town is unknown. In 10^th century the town was captured by the nomadic Hungarians feudal lords and got the name of Ungvar (from the Uzh River and ‘var’ – a town). The Slav name of the town was Uzhgorod (the Uzh River and Slav ‘horod’ – a town).

The town united with Ukraine in 1945 and became the capital of Transcarpathian region in 1946. The major industries of Uzhgorod include machine engineering and metal-working.

Uzhgorod is cultural and educational center of Transcarpathian region. The city boasts of Uzhgorod National University founded in 1945. The University is the big scientific center.

Uzhgorod Castle is an extensive citadel on a hill in Uzhgorod. It was built in a mixture of architectural styles and materials between the 13th and 18th centuries and figured heavily in the history of Hungary.

The earliest stone buildings on the site of the castle may be dated to the 13th century. Charles I of Hungary gave the castle grounds to his Italian supporters from the Drugeth family. They erected a rectangular defensive structure with rhomboid bastions that recalled the castles of South Italy.

The fortification, augmented in the 16th and 17th centuries, underwent numerous sieges (the last one by Francis II Rákóczi in 1703-04) but was never taken. In the 18th century it was modernised under the supervision of Lemaire, a military engineer from France.

As the need for a military stronghold in the area declined with the extension of the Habsburg dominions further to the east, Ungvár Castle was given over to the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church which opened a school there. In 1728 and 1879 fire ravaged the castle grounds.

Transcarpathian Museum of Folk Architecture is one of the first museums of Ukraine in the open air. It is opened as a branch of the Transcarpathian Museum of Local Lore.

Transcarpathian Ukrainian Drama Theatre was founded in1946. The theatre boasts of the names of the noted Ukrainian actors Y. Helias, I. Ignatovych, Maria Kharchenko and others.

Uzhgorod also boasts of many historical monuments of architecture: Horianska Church-rotonda (13-15cc.), the Cathedral built in1646, the Polish-Catholic Church (1762-1767), the Nevets’kyi Castle (14c.) and many others.

In Uzhgorod is the longest in Europe lime-tree alley on the bank of the River Uzh. Especially Uzhgorod is charming and beautiful in spring when the sakura trees (Japanese cherries) are in blossom.

The Transcarpathian region includes 13 districts, 10 towns, 28 settlements, and 561 villages.

E x e r c i s e s

I. Answer the questions:

1. What is the population of Uzhgorod?

2. What tribe in the 8^th century was settled in Transcarpathian region?

3. When Uzhgorod was united with Ukraine?

4. What can you say about Uzhgorod Castle?

5. What can you see in Transcarpathian Museum of Folk Architecture?

6. What alley is in Uzhgorod?

II. Fill in the gaps with the words and word-combinations from the text:

1. Uzhgorod Castle is an …………………………. on a hill in Uzhgorod.

2. In 10^th century the town was captured by the nomadic Hungarians feudal lords

3. They erected a …………………………………….. with rhomboid bastions that recalled the castles of South Italy.

4. Transcarpathian Museum of Folk Architecture is one of the first museums of Ukraine in …………………...

5. In Uzhgorod is the longest in Europe ……………………. on the bank of the River Uzh.

6. Ungvár Castle was given over to the ……………………………………. which opened a school there.

III. Translate the following words into Ukrainian and make your own sentences with them:

to capture

to unite

to include

to boast

rectangular

undergo

sieges

supervision

bank

lime-tree

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