Лексический материал

Тема 1 Знакомство, биография

ABOUT MYSELF

Hello, friends. Let me first introduce myself. My name is Ann or Anya for my friends. My surname or last name is Sokolova. I was born on the 2^nd of October in Sochi, Krasnodarsky Krai. This is the most beautiful city in Russia situated on the Black Sea coast. Now I am a first-year student at the Technical Academy. In five years I'll be an engineer.

Now let me describe my appearance. I am tall and slim and have fair hair and blue eyes. My friends say that I am pretty. I think I am just good-looking. I love sports and music. I was very serious about a career in gymnastics when I was in the 5^th form. But then I broke my arm and doctors didn't let me go in for gymnastics. I love to listen to modern music and dance. I dance a lot and I hope I am good at it. I also love swimming. I always swim in the Black sea when I visit my parents, my dear family.

I would like to tell you about my family. There are five people in our family. My father's name is Vladimir Stepanovich. He is a mathematician by education and a businessman byprofession. My mother's name is Tatyana Petrovna. She is a housewife. She has much work about the house because I have a younger sister. She is a pupil. My sister Natasha is in the fifth form. My grandmother, my mother's mother, lives with us. She is very kind and helps us a lot.

Our family is very friendly, we have many friends. In summer many relatives come to visit us. And, of course, they use a chance to spend several weeks in beautiful Sochi.

In May I have finished school No 5 in Sochi. I did well in all the subjects but my favourite subjects at school were Physics and Computer Science. I also enjoyed English lessons.

I am very interested in learning English because I always wanted to become a programmer or maybe a businesswoman. I also think that the knowledge of foreign languages helps in everyday life and career.

Two years ago I travelled much around Europe. I have visited France, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. There the knowledge of English helped me a lot.

As you see, my biography isn't very long yet. But we'll meet again in the next lesson and I'll tell you more about myself. See you later...

Vocabulary:

introduce — представлять, знакомить

Black Sea coast — побережье Черного моря

a first-year student — студент(ка) первого курса

region — область

appearance — внешность

slim — стройная

career — карьера

gymnastics — гимнастика

mathematician — математик

housewife — домохозяйка

several — несколько

to do well — зд. успевать

chance — случай, шанс

kind — добрый

a lot — много

the Netherlands — Нидерланды

the United Kingdom — Соединенное Королевство (Великобритания)

Add to your active vocabulary (Пополни свой активный словарь):

tall — высокий

short — маленького роста

slim — стройный

fat — толстый

plump — полный

fair hair — светлые волосы

blonde — блондин(ка)

brunette — брюнет(ка)

gray hair — седые волосы

bold-headed — лысый

short-sighted — близорукий

smart, clever, bright — умный (я)

stupid — тупой, глупый

boring — скучный

fun to be with — веселый человек

easy to go along — легкий в общении

quiet — спокойный

impulsive — порывистый, импульсивный

aggressive — агрессивный

rude — невежливый, грубый

shy, confused — застенчивый

active — активный

talkative — разговорчивый

enthusiastic — энтузиаст, затейник

Exercise 1.1. Please, introduce yourself. The questions below will certainly help you:

1. What is your name?

2. Where and when were you born?

3. How old are you?

4. Have you got a family?

5. How many people are there in your family?

6. Do you have brothers, sisters, grandparents in your family?

7. Where do you live?

8. Did you study well at school?

9. What school did you finish?

10. Did your teacher of English help you to choose your future profession?

11. What was your favourite subject?

12. What do you like to read?

13. What sport do you go in for?

14. What are you going to be?

15. Do you still live with your parents?

16. Do you have a girlfriend / boyfriend?

Тема 2 Студенческая жизнь, институт

ANN'S ACADEMY

Hello again! Now let me tell you about my Polytechnical Academy. I am really glad that I study here. It is one of the finest country's higher educational institutions. Many famous people have graduated from my Academy, and not only engineers or scientists, but many outstanding writers, actors, showmen and politicians. Studying at our Academy gives a solid background in all spheres of knowledge and prepares for practical work.

Our Academy is quite large and old. It was founded in the 19^th century by the famous Russian inventor Vladimir Komarov. First, it was a small department of a large University, but later it was rearranged into an independent institution. Nowadays it is a large school where more than 5,000 students are currently enrolled. About 3,000 are full-time students, like me, and the rest are part time-students. There are also about 150graduate students. They conduct independent research work and have pedagogical practice.

The course of study at my academy lasts five years. There are many faculties in my academy. Here are some of them: the faculty of industrial automation and robotics, the faculty of plastics, the faculty of machine tools and the faculty of metalworking.

Our academy is large and we have several buildings. One of the buildings is for lectures and seminars only. There are many large halls there so that students of 3-4 groups together can fit in there. And that is more than 100people. The acoustics [a'kutstiks] in such large halls is very good but sometimes it is very noisy when students chat during the lecture.

We have two laboratory buildings which are equipped with up-to-date equipment and there students can carry on lab works and conduct various experiments. Many students from my group do their own research work.

There are several cafes at the academy. My favourite one is situated in a separate one-storeyed building and people say that this is the oldest canteen or student's cafe. The food there is tasty and very affordable.

There are also several dormitories or hostel buildings where students from other cities live. But you know already that I don't live in a dormitory — I rent an apartment.

Vocabulary:

currently — в настоящее время

to be enrolled — числиться в списках студентов

full-time students — студенты дневного отделения

part time-students — студенты вечернего отделения

to conduct — проводить

course of study — курс обучения

industrial automation — промышленная автоматика

robotics — робототехника

plastics — пластмассы

machine-tools — станки

metalworking — металлообработка

figure — фигура, цифра

noisy — шумный

to chat — беседовать, болтать

to be equipped with — быть оборудованным

up-to-date equipment — современное оборудование

carry on — проводить

research work — исследовательская работа

one-storeyed — одноэтажное

tasty ['teisti] — вкусный

affordable — доступная (to afford – позволять)

Add to your active vocabulary

a) classroom — класс, аудитория
lecture hall — лекционный зал
laboratory — лаборатория
gym (gymnasium) — спортзал

b) semester (term) — семестр
school year — учебный год
course of studies — курс обучения
academy — академия
university — университет
institute — институт

faculty, college, department — факультет (ex. College of physics — факультет физики)

department, chair of... — кафедра

head of the department, chief of the department, chair (man,woman) — зав. кафедрой

substitute — заместитель

c) teaching instructor (TI) — преподаватель
professor — профессор

dean — декан

Rector — ректор

teaching staff, faculty members — преподавательский состав

d) full-time student — студент(ка) дневного отделения
part-time student — студент(ка)-«вечерник»
student of distant education — студент(ка) «заочник»

student of preparatory courses — слушатель подкурсов, «подкурсник»

undergraduate student — студент 1-4(5) курсов

graduate student — студент 5-6 курсов (магистрант, аспирант)

Тема 3 Страна изучаемого языка

Great Britain

Great Britain is not large. It takes just six hours in a fast train from London to Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. Great Britain lies not far from continent of Europe. It is separated from the continent by the North Sea and English Channel. “Great Britain” has several different names. Some people say “Britain” or “the United Kingdom”, or just “UK”. There are four different countries in the United Kingdom: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Britain is only a small country, but every part is different. Scotland is a land of mountains, lakes and romantic castles. The winters are cold, with plenty of snow, but the summers are often warm and sunny. Most farmers keep sheep and there are many small factories, which make fine sweaters from their wool.

Northern Ireland has its problems but it has beauty too. In the warm wet climate, the grass grows a brilliant green, and much of the land is farming country. Wales is a special place, a country of mountains and pretty valleys. But Wales has plenty of industry too, with many factories and coalmines. The Midlands, known as the heart of England is the largest industrial part in the country. The most important industrial cities are Manchester, Sheffield, Liverpool, which is one of Britain's big parts, and Birmingham. The two famous Midlands cities, Stratford оn Avon and Oxford are connected with English culture: Stratford is the birthplace of great William Shakespeare and Oxford is famous for its university.

The USA

The United States of America -the richest and one of the biggest countries in the world - has several names. People say “Thе United States”, “The States”, “Аmеriса” or just “the USA” or “the US”.

There are fifty states in the USA and over 200 million, people live in them. There is no “American climate” or “American countryside”. Every part of the country is different, from Alaska in the north, covered with snow and ice, to tropical Florida in the south.

The American Indians were the first people to live in that vast land. They had a fascinating, ancient culture, and rich traditions of language and customs. But then, the immigrants came. Most came from Europe, but there were also many from the Middle East and Africa.

You can find almost anything in America. There are mountains and deserts, old churches and moon rockets, homes with three cars and homes with no electric lights at all.

The United States is a young country. Its written history is only a few hundred years old. It is sometimes, in fact, called the “New World”. Over the last four hundred years millions of people have come to start a new life in this “New World”. Americans are not afraid of new ideas. They built the first skyscrapers and they put the first man on the Moon. They like to be modern. They like exciting, modern cities, new houses, and new cars. At the same time, Americans love old things. They like to visit historic houses and museums. They build old pioneer houses and remember the days of “Wild West”. Americans are interested in old traditions, but they are good at making new traditions too.

The commonwealth of Australia

The Commonwealth of Australia is a self-governing federal state. It has six states. Australia is the largest island in the world and it is the smallest continent. It is situated in the south-west of the Pacific Ocean.

Nearly twenty million people live in Australia.

The capital of the country is Canberra. Federal Government works in Canberra in the government buildings. There are no industrial plants in Canberra. There are two big industrial cities in Australia: Sydney and Melbourne.

Australia’s climate is dry and warm. Australia is situated in the southern hemisphere. So when we have winter they have summer and when they have summer we have winter.

Australia is separated from many countries. The animals in Australia are very interesting, for example, the dingo. It is a wild dog which kills other animals at night.

One can see the kangaroo there. There are many birds in the country too: parrots and cockatoos. The emu is the most interesting bird in Australia. It is big and can not fly. There are many rivers and lakes in the country.

Australia is an industrial country. It has coal, nickel, zink, gold. Australia is one of the most important producers of metals and minerals. It exports wool production, meat, sugar.

There are many universities, museums, theatres in Australia.

New Zealand

New Zealand is an island country. It is made up of three islands: the North and the South Islands and Steward Island. South Island is larger than the North Island and has the highest mountains. The South Island is very beautiful with its Alps and lakes, falls and fiords. New Zealand is also famous for its fishing, snow sports, sailing, hiking.

The climate is pleasant at all seasons. It does not have the terrible heat of Australian summers. People farm mostly. Dairy products, meat, wool are the main exports. It exports wool. There are many factories there too with hydro- electric stations to produce the power for them.

The capital of New Zealand is Wellington. It is the third largest city in New Zealand. Auckland is the first largest city.

There are many interesting birds in New Zealand. The kiwi is rather an unusual bird. It has no tail, no wings. It lays an egg so large in proportion to its size.

There are forests of exotic pines near the center of New Zealand. This is the largest area of planted forest in the world.

Canada

Canada has an area of nearly ten million square kilometers. Canada has mountains, high plains, low plains. Canada is the country of Great Lakes. It has large rivers: the Mackenzie, Yukon, the St Lawrence River. Canada has several climatic regions. Winter in Canada lasts four- five months. There is much rain in the east and west.

The capital of Canada is Ottawa. Other large cities are Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver. Canada is rich in metal ores, oil and gas. The machine- building, motor-car, ship-building industries are highly developed. Canada’s main agricultural products are wheat, meat, some kinds of fruit.

Canada is federal state and a member of the Commonwealth. The leading figure in the political life of the country is the Prime Minister. Canada consists of several provinces. The seat of the Federal Parliament is in Ottawa. Canada has two official languages – English and French. Quebec is the home of the French Canadian nation. It is the largest province. Ice-hockey is Canada’s national sport. Children learn to skate and ski as soon as they can walk. The population of Canada is over 24 million people. In the country there are Indians and Eskimos. They live mostly in the north. Indians and Eskimos were the first settlers. The Eskimos are very creative men. He lives where there are raw materials but he invented many things: tents, canoes and clothes of skin.

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