UKRAINIAN INVENTORS AND SCIENTISTS

Many Ukrainian inventors and scientists have made a great contribution to the world science for the benefit of Ukraine.

MykolaKybalchych(1853—1881) was born in the Chernihiv Region, died at the age of 28, but he managed to create a great deal. While wait for capital punishment after an attempt upon Alexander II life he prepared in a prison cell an original design of an aircraft with rocket engine.

Petro Kapitsa (1894—1984) was a noted scientist in the field nuclear physics and technologies of super powerful magnetic fields. Petro Kapitsa was awarded with the Nobel Prize for his works. He was a Ukrainian who made a great contribution into development of physics; working in England and Russia.

Anatolii Oleksandrov(1903—1994), another Ukrainian inventor, scientist, was working in the field of nuclear physics. He was born in village of Tarashcha not far from Kyiv. Anatolii Oleksandrov took part in the creation of nuclear technology. Under his supervision the first in the world atomic-powered vessel was created.

Serhii Koroliov (1907—1966) was born in the city of Zhytomyr. He was an outstanding creator of the practical space engineering. In 1924 he finished a professional technical school in Odesa. In 1924—1926 he studied in Kyiv Politechnic Institute. In 1930 he graduated from Moscow higher technical school and at the same time he finished Moscow pilot school.

Under his supervision new rockets were designed and launched. Among them were ballistic and geographical rockets, rockets-carriers and spacecraft "Vostok" and"'Voskhod", the first automatic interplanet station "Zond". The spacecraft designed under his guidance made the flights to Venus and Mars and walking in the outer space.

Vocabulary:

Benefit -користь

vessel – судно, корабель

nuclear - ядерний

to launch -запускати

supervision - керівництво, нагляд

guidance -керівництво

Speak on the following:

1. What do you think the development of science depends on?

2. How can a nation encourage science, invention and scientific creativity? Do you think the development of science is encouraged now in Ukraine?

3. Which do you think happens more often nowadays: individual discoveries or common efforts of people and government?

4. Do you know any other outstanding scientists in your country besides the ones mentioned in the unit? Name them. What discoveries did they make?

5. How important do you think is the international cooperation of scientists in the world?

6. How can the quality of life benefit from the work of scientists? Give examples.

7. Would you like to connect your life with science? Yes/No. Why? If yes, what field of science interests you?

8. Have all the consequences of scientific and technological progress been positive (for the better)? Yes/No. Supply examples.

9. Which spheres of life have been influenced by the developments in science and technology most of all?