Exercise 1

Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What is the oldest process for making steel in large quantities?

2. Can you describe the Bessemer converter?

3. What is the function of the air Bessemer process?

4. Has air been replaced in basic oxygen process by hydrogen or other material?

5. What is lowered into the furnace after the furnace is charged and ready to start operation?

6. What is the approximate distance of the water-cooled tip of the lance above the charge?

7. Does the refining process take more than two hour to finish the Bessemer process?

8. What volume of steel can be made in an hour time in Bessemer converter?

Exercise 2

Заполните пропуски недостающими по смыслу словами, используя текст:

1. The Bessemer process is the oldest process for making … in large quantities.

2. A tall, pear-shaped furnace is called a Bessemer ….

3. The Bessemer converter can be … sideways for charging and …

4. Great quantities of … have to be blown through the molten metal during the Bessemer process.

5. In Bessemer process oxygen unites chemically with the … and carries them off.

6. In the basic … … steel is also refined in a pear-shaped furnace that tilts sideways for charging and pouring.

7. After the furnace is charged and turned upright, an oxygen … is lowered into it.

8. Thousands of cubic meters of … are blown into the furnace at supersonic speed.

9. The oxygen combines with … and other unwanted elements and starts a high-temperature churning reaction.

Exercise 3

Соответствуют ли данные предложения содержанию текста:

1. The latest process for making steel in large quantities is called the Bessemer process.

2. Very limited quantities of air are blown through the molten metal in the Bessemer process.

3. In the basic oxygen process, steel is also rolled into sheets.

4. The oil-cooled tip of the lance is usually about 2 m above the charge.

5. Thousands of cubic meters of hydrogen are blown into the furnace at normal speed.

6. In the Bessemer process the oxygen combines with carbon and other unwanted elements.

7. The refining process in Bessemer converter takes 50 min or less.

8. Approximately 1275 metric tons of steel can be made in an hour.

Exercise 4

Используя текст, составьте высказывания с данными словами и выражениями:

charging and pouring - basic oxygen process - high-pressure stream - pure oxygen – to turn upright - supersonic speed - unwanted elements - to burn out impurities - refining process.

Exercise 5

Кратко передайте содержание каждого абзаца.

Exercise 6

Выделите пять основных идей текста.

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