Vocabulary. accountant (n)-a person whose job is recording, managing or examining financial

accountant (n)-a person whose job is recording, managing or examining financial

records or accounts;

account for (v)-to be responsible for; to give satisfactory explanation;

advertise (v) - to make a public announcement describing the good qualities of a

product, service or idea in such a way as to make people want to buy it or

support it;

advertising (n)-use of public announcement to promote sale of a product, service or

idea;

agency (n)-an administrative department of government or a legal relationship to

represent a person or business;

annual (adj)- relating to or measured by the year; once a year;

annual Report (n)- a statement or booklet put out by a company once a year;

applicant (n)- a person who asks or applies for something;

application (n)- a request; a written form used in making a request;

asset (n)- property or resources of a business or a person;

associate (n)-a person who is connected with another or others in some business or

action; partner or college;

association (n)-an organized group of people with common interests

authority (n) –the power or right to act, command or make decisions

balance sheet (n)-statement of financial condition at a given time

benefits (n)-money or other services given by the government or other institution;

billing (n) –total amount of business in a particular amount of time

bill of lading (n)-a receipt listing goods shipped

board of directors (n)-a group of people who supervise or manage a company

bond (n)-a certificate issued by a government or corporation, promising to pay back a specific amount of money, with interest, at a fixed date in the future;

brand (n)- the kind, quality or make of a product

capital (n)-wealth; the total amount of money or property owned or used by a

corporation or an individual

capital surplus -an excess or amount above what is needed

career (n)-an occupation or profession

channel of distribution -the marketing system by which goods are sent from those

who produce them to those who use them

charge(v)- to fix or ask as a price

charter (n)- a formal written document issued by the government, granting the right to

organize for some activity

claim (n)-the right to something; demand for something due

commercial bank-a bank that includes in its functions the acceptance of demand

deposits subject to withdrawal by check

commission (n)- a fee for services or work done, usually a percentage

compete (v)-to strive against another or others

competent (adj)- having or showing ability or knowledge, capable of doing

something well

competition (n) - the act of competing; rivalry

comptroller (controller)(n)- a person in charge of spending and financial activity, as

in a bank or company

consumer (n) - someone who buys and uses up things offered for sale, such as food,

services or clothing

corporation (n) - an organization made up of a group of people who have been given

the legal power to act as one person, created by a government charter with the

right to buy and sell property and enter into contacts

credit (n)- a balance in one’s favour; an entry of an amount in an account as payment

of an existing or future debt

data (n) - information, facts, figures

data processing – the rapid organization and analysis of large amounts of information

by computers or other machines.

deal (v)(dealt) - to do business, trade

debt (n) - something that is owed to another person

debt finding - the use of money supplied by loans

discount (n) - a reduced price

discount house - a store that offers reduced prices on items

display (n)- an exhibition or show

distribute (v)- to divide and give out in shares; to scatter, spread over an area

distribution (n) - the process or system by which goods are sent from those who

produce them to those who use them

diversified (adj) - varied; of different kinds

draft (n) - a written order directing payment of a special amount of money, as from

one bank to another bank

economics (n) - the science that deals with the production, distribution and use of

goods, money, natural resources and services

efficient (adj) - effective or competent; using as little effort or waste as possible

eligible (adj) - qualified to be chosen

employment agency-a company whose business is to find jobs for people seeking

them or to find people to fill jobs that are open

enterprise (n) - a project or undertaking

equity finding - money supplied by owners of a business for investment

exchange (n) -giving one thing in return for something else

executive (n) – a person who directs or manages affairs in a corporation

expand (v) –to make large, to grow in size, extent or scope

export (v) – to send to another country for the purpose of selling

extensive (adj) - covering a large area; broad in effect or range

face value –the value appearing on bonds, bank notes and so on; the apparent worth

financial statement –a summary of a financial account

financing (n) – raising or providing funds; the funds thus raised or provided

finding (n) – discovery; result or conclusion of an investigation

fire (v) – to dismiss from a job

fiscal year –any 12-month period used as a basis for settling financial accounts in a

business or government

foreign exchange - a foreign currency; settling accounts between persons or

organizations in different countries

franchise (n) – the right to have or do something that has been given to an individual

or group by a business firm or government

gross(n)- total,entire; with nothing taken away

guarantee (n)-an assurance given by a seller to a buyer that his product is what it is

claimed to be or that it will be repaired or replace if anything goes wrong within

a certain period of time; warranty

hire (v)- to employ someone

imperfect (competition) (adj)- competition that is not fair; partly competitive

income statement- a company record showing receipts and payment for services and

goods

incorporate (v)- to form a business corporation

indirect channel-means of distributing goods through the use of one or more

middlemen rather than from the manufacturer to the user

inflow (n)- incoming

innovation (n)- something newly introduced; a new idea or method

installation (n) process of putting something in position or place for service or use

insurance (n)-protection against risk or loss by means of a contract

interest (n)- money paid for the use or borrowing of money

inventory (n)-detailed list of articles in stock at a given time

inventory control- supervision of the inventory

invest (v)- to put money to use for the purpose of getting a profit or income

investment(n)-the act of investing; the amount of money that is invested; something

in which money is invested

issue (v)-to give out or send

joint venture(n)—a partnership formed for a particular project

legal (adj)-relating to or concerned with the law

lending (n)-giving something with the understanding that it will be returned. In the

case of money, with a set rate of interest

letter of credit(n)-a letter addressed by banker to another bank or organization

certifying that a person is entitled to credit up to a certain amount; letter

addressed by banker to person to whom credit is given which allows the person to

draw up to certain amount on his or other bank

liability (n)-condition of being legally responsible to do or pay something

liable (adj)- legally responsible; obligated by law

limited liability- liability that is limited, restricted

line (n)- kind or classification (of goods or merchandise)made

line position- position of a worker with direct receiving orders from immediate

superior and giving orders to an immediate subordinate

loan (n)- act of lending; something lent

manage (v)- to direct or guide the affairs of a store, business or other operation

manufacture (v)- to make to produce, especially on a large scale

marketing n)-the functions involved in moving products from producer to consumer

modification (n)-a change in alteration

negotiable (adj)- capable of being sold or transferred

net (adj)- that remaining as profit after all deductions or allowances have been

net assets –resources of a business after deductions and allowances have been made

net worth – value of a person or company after deductions and allowances

note (n)- a piece of paper money or certificate of payment issued by a government or

bank; promissory note –statement or promise to pay back a certain amount of

money at a certain time

officer (n)- person who holds office or position of authority in a company

operation (n)- the way of performing, directing or working; the state of being at work

outflow (n)- something that goes out

packaging (n)- process of wrapping, packing, binding or putting together

paper-work (n)-routine record-keeping that is often part of a more important task

partnership (n)- a business organization in which two or more persons are associated

policy (n)- a definite course or method of action

portfolio (n)- a list or group of stocks, bonds and so on belonging to a bank, company

or person

position (n)- a post employment

predict (v)- to announce or declare beforehand; to tell in advance

pricing (n)-setting an amount to be paid for a item

prime rate- an interest rate at which preferred customers can borrow from banks and which is the lowest commercial interest rate available at a particular time and place

profit (n)-financial gain, benefit

profit and loss statement-a summary account used an the end of an accounting period

promote(v)- to try to sell, make more popular, or get the necessary money for, as by

advertising

proprietorship (n)- ownership

prospective (adj)-possible; likely to become

purchase (v)- to get by paying money for; buying

quote (n)-current price or bid

ratio analysis-relationship of two figures

receipt n)- written statement that money, goods or mail has been received

record (n)-an account in writing; an official written form

record v)-to set down in permanent form, such as writing; to indicate, show, register

research (n)-a study or investigation in a particular field, usually for the purpose of

learning new facts and making new interpretations

savings account- a bank account for the purpose of saving money, on which interest

is paid

share (n)-one of the parts into which ownership of a company or corporation is

divided

statement (n)-a report or summary of financial matters

statute (n)- a law enacted by a legislative body; a written rule or law regulating an

organization such as corporation

stock (n)-the total number of shares that a company or corporation is authorized to

issue; the number of shares held by an individual stockholder

stock (n)-the total amount of goods that merchant or commercial establishment keeps

on hand for sale

stock (v)- to lay in stock or supply

take title- assume ownership

tax (n)-money that must be paid by people for the support of the government

trade-in-allowance- an amount given for a used car, appliance or the like as payment

or part payment toward a new item

traffic (n)- an exchange of goods; buying and selling, trade

transaction (n)- a business deal

trend (n)- a tendency, a course; a current style or preference

utility (n)-company that provides an important service to the public as by supplying

gas, electricity or water

warehousing (n)- storing or stocking or depositing of merchandise

wholesaling (n)-selling of goods to retailers for release, usually in large quantity

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