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Unit 7 Present Perfect (1) (I have done)

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  1. B) Make up a similar situation (a visit to a concert, a variety theatre, a circus, etc.) for your fellow-students to present it in the form of a dialogue.
  2. Choose Present Indefinite or Present Continuous.
  3. Cloning the perfect hotelier
  4. Data and Presentation
  5. Element 2: Presenting Different Types of Findings
  6. End your presentation with a brief summary and/or conclusion. Finally, move to questions/comments or discussion.
  7. Ex. 1. Open the brackets using Present Perfect or Past Indefinite.
  8. Ex. 3. Translate the sentences from Russian into English, using one of the Present Tenses.
  9. EXERCISE 1. Explain the usage of the Past Perfect Continuous in the following sentences. Translate into Russian.
  10. EXERCISE 1. Open the brackets using the verbs in the Past Simple or the Past Perfect.
  11. EXERCISE 1. Open the brackets using verbs in the Present Simple, the Present Continuous, the Present Perfect, the Present Perfect Continuous.
  12. FREE ADMISSION TO ANY FIRST-TIME GUEST PRESENTING A FREE GUEST PASS OR QUOTING A SPECIAL OFFER

A Study the example situation:

Tom is looking for his key. He can't find it. He has lost hiskey.

'He has lost his key' = He lost it and he still hasn't gotit. Have/has lost is the present perfect simple:

I/we/they/you have (= I’ve etc.)   he/she/it has (= he’s etc.) finished lost done been etc.

The present perfect simple is have/has + past participle. The past participle often ends in -ed (finish ed /decid ed etc.), but many important verbs are irregular (lost/done/been/written etc.). For a list of irregular verbs, see Appendix 1.

B

When we use the present perfect there is always a connection with now. The action in the past has a result now:

· 'Where's your key?' 'I don't know. I've lost it.' (I haven't got it now)

· He told me his name but I've forgotten it. (I can't remember it now)

· 'Is Sally here?' 'No, she's gone out.' (she is out now)

· I can't find my bag. Have you seen it? ( doyou know where it is now)

We often use the present perfect to give new information or to announce a recent happening:

· Ow! I've cut my finger.

· The road is closed. There 's been (= there has been) an accident.

· (from the news) The police have arrested two men in connection with the robbery.

C

You can use the present perfect with just, already and yet:

Just= 'a short time ago': · 'Would you like something to eat?' 'No, thanks. I've just hadlunch.' · Hello. Haveyou just arrived? We use already to say that something happened sooner than expected (see also Unit110D): · 'Don't forget to post the letter, will you?' 'I've already postedit.' · 'What time is Mark leaving?' 'He's already gone.' Yet= 'until now' and shows that the speaker is expecting something to happen. Use yetonly in questions and negative sentences (see also Unit 110C): · Hasit stoppedraining yet? · I've written the letter but I haven't postedit yet.

D

Note the difference between gone (to) and been (to):

· Jim is away on holiday. He has gone to Spain. (= he is there now or on his way there)

· Jane is back home from holiday now. She has been to Italy. (= she has now come back from Italy)

For been (to) see also Units 8 and 125B


Exercises

7.1 You are writing a letter to a friend. In the letter you give news about yourself and other people. Use the words given to make sentences. Use the present perfect.

Dear Chris,

Lots of things have happened since I last wrote to you.

1 I / buy / a new car... I've bought a new car.................................................

2 my father / start / a new job........................................................................

3 I/ give up / smoking...................:................................................................

4 Charles and Sarah / go / to Brazil................................................................

5 Suzanne / have / a baby...............................................................................

7.2 Read the situations and write sentences. Choose one of the following: arrive break go up grow improve lose

1 Mike is looking for his key. He can't find it.......... He has lost his key..........

2 Margaret can't walk and her leg is in plaster. She........................................

3 Maria's English wasn't very good. Now it is much better............................

4 Tim didn't have a beard last month. Now he has a beard............................

5 This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it..................................

6 Last week the bus fare was 80 pence. Now it is 90. .............................................................

7.3 Complete B's sentences. Use the verb in brackets + just/already/yet (as shown).

Would you like something to eat?   Do you know where Julia is? What time is David leaving? What's in the newspaper today?   Is Ann coming to the cinema with us?   Are your friends here yet? What does Tim think about your plan?   No, thanks. I’ve just had... lunch. (just/have) Yes, I......................... her. (just/see) He............................ (already/leave) I don't know. I........................ (not/read/yet) No, she................................the film, (already/see) Yes, they..................... (just/arrive) I.................................. (not/tell/yet)  

7.4 Read the situations and write sentences with just, already or yet.

1 After lunch you go to see a friend at her house. She says 'Would you like something to eat?' You say: No, thank you.... I’ve just had lunch.... (have lunch)

2 Joe goes out. Five minutes later, the phone rings and the caller says 'Can I speak to Joe?' You say: I'm afraid............................................................... (go out)

3 You are eating in a restaurant. The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your plate away. You say: Wait a minute!................................ (not/finish)

4 You are going to a restaurant this evening. You phone to reserve a table. Later your friend says 'Shall I phone to reserve a table?' You say: No,............ it. (do)

5 You know that a friend of yours is looking for a job. Perhaps she has been successful. Ask her. You say:..........................................................................? (find)

6 Ann went to the bank, but a few minutes ago she returned. Somebody asks 'Is Ann still at the bank?' You say: No,..................................................... (come back)

 

7.5 Put in been or gone.

1 Jim is on holiday. He's ... gone ....... to Italy.

2 Hello! I've just..............................to the shops. I've bought lots of things.

3 Alice isn't here at the moment. She's...............to the shop to get a newspaper.

4 Tom has.........................out. He'll be back in about an hour.

5 'Are you going to the bank?' 'No, I've already......................to the bank.'


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