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LAX, FRONT(glide is central, mid-open), CLOSED,
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UNROUNDED DIPHTHONG
/ KÙ@
▼ ▼
[ KÙ@‾ ] [ KÙ@˅ ]
fear fierce
The glide of RP / KÙ@ / begins with a tongue position approximately that used for / K /, i.e. centralized front half-close, and moves in the direction of more open variety of/ @ / when/ KÙ@ / is final in the word; in non-final positions, e.g. in beard, fierce, the glide may not be so extensive, the quality of the [ @ ] element being of a mid type. The lips are neutral throughout, with a slight movement from spread to open.
| tear clear dearest nearer period obvious steer severe | shear really engineer industrious xenial volunteer experience theatre |
| fear – fierce rear – serious | pier – pierce dear - tedious |
DRILL 54
CONTRAST / ί / - / KÙ@ /
| fee – fear bee – beard knee – near “v” – veer he – hear ye – year “b” – beer | tea – tear she – shear piece – pierce see – sear lee – Lear steel – steer cleave – clear |
DRILL 55
LAX, FRONT, HALF-OPEN (glide is closed),
UNROUNDED DIPHTHONG
/ eÙK /
▼ ▼
[ eÙK‾ ] [ eÙK˅ ]
day date
The glide begins from slightly below the half-close front position and moves in the direction of RP / K /, there being a slight closing movement of the lower jaw; the lips are spread.
| say today fame veil laid page raise fate complain faint bathe | trade – trait bade - bate pay - pace lays - lace “a” - ape laid - late phase - face raise - race made - mate bays - base grade – great |
DRILL 56
CONTRAST / dZ / - / Z /
ledger – leisure pledget - pleasure
college – collage budget – bougie
magic – measure lodge - luge
grudge – garage sledge – leisure
message – massage management - measurement
DRILL 57
LAX, FRONT (glide is central, mid-open), OPEN,
UNROUNDEDDIPHTHONG
/ EÙ@ /
▼ ▼
[ EÙ@‾ ] [ EÙ@˅ ]
scare scarce
The glide of RP / EÙ@ / begins in the half-open front position, and moves in the direction of the more open variety of / @ /, especially when the diphthong is final; where / EÙ@ / occurs in a syllable closed by a consonant, the [ @ ] element tends to be of a mid [ @ ] type. The lips are neutrally open throughout.
In popular London speech, / EÙ@ / tends to start at a point slightly lower than [ e ], i.e. slightly below half-close.
A feature of conservative and advanced RP is an even greater opening of the first element of / EÙ@ /.
| stair - staircase air - airport care - careful bear - bearskin fair - fair-spoken share - share-pusher | scare - scarce bare - barefoot pair - pair-horse there - therefore hair - hair-cut chair - chair-car |
DRILL 58
LAX, FRONT, OPEN (glide is closed), UNROUNDED DIPHTHONG
/ aÙK /
▼ ▼
[ aÙK‾ ] [ aÙK˅ ]
tide tight
The glide of RP / aÙK / begins at a point slightly behind the front open position and moves in the direction of the position associated with RP / K /, although the tongue is not usually raised to a level closer than[ e ]; the glide is much more extensive than that of / eÙK /, the closing movement of the lower jaw being obvious.
| time kite inside kite apply night eyes - ice fried - fright hide - height rise - rice | July crime appetite sign climate pride side - sight bride - bright bide - bite prize - price |
DRILL 59
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