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Порядок слов в утвердительном предложении
Подлежащее + сказуемое + дополнение + обстоятельство.
Subject + Verb + Object + Adverb.
Active Voice
| Present | Past | Future | |
| Simple | S + V/Vs/es | S + Ved/V2 | S + will + V |
| Continuous | S + am/is/are + Ving | S + was/were + Ving | S + will + be + Ving |
| Perfect | S + have/has + Ved/V3 | S + had +Ved/V3 | S + will + have + Ved/V3 |
| Perfect Continuous | S + have/has + been + Ving | S + had +been + Ving | S + will + have + been + Ving |
Passive Voice
| Present | Past | Future | |
| Simple | S + am/is/are + Ved/V3 | S + was/were + Ved/V3 | S + will + be + Ved/V3 |
| Continuous | S + am/ is/are + being + Ved/V3 | S + was/were + being + Ved/V3 | -------------- |
| Perfect | S + have/has + been + Ved/V3 | S + had + been + Ved/V3 | S + will + have + been + Ved/V3 |
Порядок слов в вопросительном предложении
|
Типы вопросов
Общий (ответ YES / NO)
| Вспомогательный глагол + подлежащее + сказуемое +…? |
Eg. Are they his friends?
Does Tom live in London?
Did Mum write you a letter?
Will he bring the CD tomorrow?
Is Jane working in the garden now?
Were you surfing the Net at 10 p.m. yesterday?
Has Dad washed the car already?
Can they speak English fluently?
Альтернативный (со словом «или» - OR)
| Вспомогательный глагол + подлежащее + сказуемое +…? |
Eg. Are they his friends or his brothers?
Does Tom live in London or in Boston?
Did Mum write you a letter or an e-mail?
Will he bring the CD or the book tomorrow?
Is Jane working in the garden or at home now?
Were you surfing the Net at 10 p.m. or at 11 p.m. yesterday?
Has Dad washed the car or the garage door already?
Can they speak English or French fluently?
Специальный (с вопросительным словом)
| Вопросительное слово + вспомогательный глагол + подлежащее + сказуемое +…? |
Eg. Why are they his friends?
Where does Tom live?
When did Mum write you the letter?
What will he bring tomorrow?
Who is Jane working in the garden with?
How long were you surfing the Net yesterday?
What has Dad washed?
What language can they speak fluently?
Разделительный
| Подлежащее + сказуемое +…, + вспомогательный глагол + NOT + местоимение (заменяющее подлежащее)? |
Eg. They are his friends, aren’t they?
Tom lives in London, doesn’t he?
Mum wrote you a letter yesterday, didn’t she?
He will bring the CD tomorrow, won’t he?
Jane is working in the garden now, isn’t she?
You were surfing the Net at 10 p.m. yesterday, weren’t you?
Dad has already washed the car, hasn’t he?
They can speak English fluently, can’t they?
Косвенный
| I wonder I want to know IF + подлежащее + сказуемое + …. I’m interested to know |
Eg. I wonder if they are his friends.
I wonder if Tom lives in London.
I wonder if Mum wrote you a letter yesterday.
I wonder if he will bring the CD tomorrow.
I wonder if you were surfing the Net at 10 p.m. yesterday.
I wonder if Dad has already washed the car.
I wonder if they can speak English fluently.
Вопрос к подлежащему (Вопрос. слово + сказуемое + …? Ответ - подлежащее)
Eg. My sisterbought some new books. – Who bought some new books?
Annis dancing with my friend now.
Сравните: Who is dancing with my friend? – Ann.
Who isAnndancing with? – With my friend.
Appendix 2:
Irregular Verbs
| Infinitive | Past Tense | Past Participle |
| arise | arose | arisen |
| awake | awoke | awoken |
| be | was /were | been |
| bear | bore | borne/ born |
| beat | beat | beaten |
| become | became | become |
| begin | began | begun |
| bend | bent | bent/ bended |
| bet | bet/ betted | bet/ betted |
| bind | bound | bound |
| bite | bit | bitten, bit |
| bleed | bled | bled |
| bless | blessed/ blest | blessed/blest |
| blow | blew | blown |
| break | broke | broken |
| breed | bred | bred |
| bring | brought | brought |
| broadcast | broadcast | broadcast |
| build | built | built |
| burn | burnt/ burned | burnt/ burned |
| burst | burst | burst |
| buy | bought | bought |
| cast | cast | cast |
| catch | caught | caught |
| choose | chose | chosen |
| come | came | come |
| cost | cost | cost |
| creep | crept | crept |
| cut | cut | cut |
| deal | dealt | dealt |
| dig | dug | dug |
| do | did | done |
| draw | drew | drawn |
| dream | dreamt /dreamed | dreamt /dreamed |
| drink | drank | drunk |
| drive | drove | driven |
| eat | ate | eaten |
| fall | fell | fallen |
| feed | fed | fed |
| feel | felt | felt |
| fight | fought | fought |
| find | found | found |
| fly | flew | flown |
| forbid | forbade/ forbad | forbidden |
| forecast | forecast/forecasted | forecast/ forecasted |
| foresee | foresaw | foreseen |
| foretell | foretold | foretold |
| forget | forgot | forgotten |
| forgive | forgave | forgiven |
| freeze | froze | frozen |
| get | got | got,gotten |
| give | gave | given |
| go | went | gone |
| grow | grew | grown |
| hang | hung/ hanged | hung/ hanged |
| have | had | had |
| hear | heard | heard |
| hide | hid | hidden/ hid |
| hit | hit | hit |
| hold | held | held |
| hurt | hurt | hurt |
| keep | kept | kept |
| kneel | knelt | knelt |
| knit | knit /knitted | knit /knitted |
| know | knew | known |
| lay | laid | laid |
| lead | led | led |
| learn | learnt/ learned | learnt/ learned |
| leave | left | left |
| lend | lent | lent |
| let | let | let |
| lie | lay | lain |
| light | lit/ lighted | lit/ lighted |
| lose | lost | lost |
| make | made | made |
| mean | meant | meant |
| meet | met | met |
| melt | melted | melted/ molten |
| mislead | misled | misled |
| misspell | misspelt/misspeled | misspelt/misspeled |
| mistake | mistook | mistaken |
| misunderstand | misunderstood | misunderstood |
| mow | mowed | mown/ mowed |
| overcome | overcame | overcome |
| overdo | overdid | overdone |
| overhear | overheard | overheard |
| oversleep | overslept | overslept |
| overtake | overtook | overtaken |
| overthrow | overthrew | overthrown |
| pay | paid | paid |
| prove | proved | proved/proven |
| put | put | put |
| read | read | read |
| repay | repaid | repaid |
| rid | rid/ ridden | rid/ ridden |
| ride | rode | ridden |
| ring | rang | rung |
| rise | rose | risen |
| run | ran | run |
| saw | sawed | sawn /sawed |
| say | said | said |
| see | saw | seen |
| seek | sought | sought |
| sell | sold | sold |
| send | sent | sent |
| set | set | set |
| sew | sewed | sewn |
| shake | shook | shaken |
| shave | shaved | shaved/ shaven |
| shine | shone | shone |
| shoot | shot | shot |
| show | showed | shown /showed |
| shrink | shrank/ shrunk | shrunk/ shrunken |
| shut | shut | shut |
| sing | sang | sung |
| sink | sank | sunk/ sunken |
| sit | sat | sat |
| sleep | slept | slept |
| slide | slid | slid/ slidden |
| sling | slung | slung |
| smell | smelt | smelt |
| sow | sowed | sown/sowed |
| speak | spoke | spoken |
| speed | sped/ speeded | sped/ speeded |
| spell | spelt/ spelled | spelt/ spelled |
| spend | spent | spent |
| spill | spilt /spilled | spilt /spilled |
| spin | spun, span | spun |
| spit | spat | spat |
| split | split | split |
| spoil | spoilt/ spoiled | spoilt/ spoiled |
| spread | spread | spread |
| spring | sprang | sprung |
| stand | stood | stood |
| steal | stole | stolen |
| stick | stuck | stuck |
| sting | stung | stung |
| stink | stank/ stunk | stunk |
| strike | struck | struck/ stricken |
| string | strung | strung |
| strive | strove | striven. |
| swear | swore | sworn |
| sweep | swept | swept |
| swell | swelled | swollen/ swelled |
| swim | swam | swum |
| swing | swung | swung |
| take | took | taken |
| teach | taught | taught |
| tear | tore | torn |
| tell | told | told |
| think | thought | thought |
| throw | threw | thrown |
| tread | trod | trodden |
| understand | understood | understood |
| undertake | undertook | undertaken |
| wake | woke | woken |
| wear | wore | worn |
| weave | wove | woven |
| weep | wept | wept |
| win | won | won |
| wind | winded/ wound | winded/ wound |
| withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn |
| write | wrote | written |
Appendix 3:
Word Formation
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