B his parents are form Kenya

C he is a senator from Illinois

D he is the first US black president

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Variant 9

5. The word ≪jubilation≫ means.

A music making

B great happiness

C run smoothly

D candy-like

Obama told McCain each of the following except.

A the American people have spoken clearly

B his help is needed

C it had been a rough race

D he is a leader on important issues

2 Complete the text with the words from the box.

Danger decline population between countries

Century world generally rate and

During the second half of the 20th century, the global population

Explosion was the big demographic challenge. Robert McNamara, president

Of the World Bank in the 1970s, compared the threat of unmanageable

Population pressures with the (1) of nuclear war.

Now that worry has evaporated, and this (2) is facing the

Opposite fear: the onset of demographic decline.

The reducing of Russia and eastern Europe is familiar, though not

perhaps the scale of it: Russia’s population is expected to fall by 22%

(3) 2005 and 2050, Ukraine’s by a staggering 43%. Now

The phenomenon is creeping into the rich (4): Japan has

Started to shrink and others, such as Italy and Germany, will soon follow.

Even China’s (5) will be declining by the early 2030s,

According to the UN, which projects that by 2050 populations will be

Lower than they are today in 50 (6).

Demographic decline worries people because it is believed to go hand

In hand with economic (7). At the extremes it may well

Be the result of economic factors: pessimism may depress the birth

(8) and push up rates of suicide (9) alcoholism.

But, in the main, demographic decline is the consequence of the low

Fertility that (10) goes with growing prosperity. In Japan,

For instance, birth rates fell below the replacement rate of 2.1 children

Per woman in the mid-1970s and have been particularly low in the past

Years.

(From «Declining Populations», The Economist, January 5, 2006)

3 Comment on the following issues.

Imagine yourself ten years older and describe your life.

• What are your greatest personal and professional achievements?

• What difficulties have you overcome to reach your goals?

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Орієнтовні зразки екзаменаційних завдань для державної підсумкової атестації 23

VARIANT 10

1 Read the text and choose the correct item for each statement below.

Indian Dice Game

Four women, two pairs of partners, played this game. The players

Were seated upon the ground, partners side by side and their opponents

Opposite. Between them was placed a large, flat tray made of basketry

Material and having slightly upturned edges. The tray was called

≪tiwon≫. Twelve counting sticks were used to keep score. The dice, called

≪hoo’utch≫, were usually made from the nuts of the native black walnut

Tree. To make the dice, the nuts were split in half, the kernel removed,

And the hollow filled with dark pitch. Into the pitch they pressed small

Bits of white shell. In this way the dice were numbered from one to

Eight depending on the number of shell bits. The shells had two sides,

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