SPECIAL DIFFICULTIES. Ex. 17. Translate the following sentences using the verbs "to rise" or "to raise" according to the sense

Ex. 17. Translate the following sentences using the verbs "to rise" or "to raise" according to the sense.

1. Закончив письмо, он встал из-за стола и отнес его секретарю печатать. 2. Как только солнце поднялось, туристы сразу же отпра­вились в путь. 3. Машина промчалась мимо на большой скорости. подняв облако пыли. 4. Во время переговоров были подняты серьезные вопросы. 5. Не следует повышать голос, с детьми надо разгова­ривать спокойно.

Ex. 18. Fill in the blanks with "little", "a little", "few", "a few".

1. It was to be only a family affair, so... people were invited. 2. I have... doubts but I'd rather not mention them now. 3. I have... money, I can't let you have any. 4. She got... letters with New Year's wishes this year, usually she gets many. 5. "Give the door another coat of paint." "I can't, I've too... paint." 6. I must say I am... worried about his health. 7. He is a very obedient child, his parents have... trouble with him. 8. He hardly said more than... words the whole evening.

Ex. 19. Translate the following using "little", "a little", "few", "a few".

1. У меня есть немного денег, могу одолжить (дать) тебе. 2. En удлинили пальто на несколько сантиметров, и оно теперь выглядит лучше. 3. Она мало изменилась, ее легко узнать. 4. Нам надо обсу­дить еще несколько пунктов соглашения. 5. Устал? — Да, немного. 6. Мало кто любит рисковать. 7. Он говорит много, а делает мало. 8. Мне в этом доме мало что принадлежит. 9. Он немного знает фран­цузский, обратитесь к нему.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

The Participle

Participle I

Ex. 20. Study the forms of Participle I and the way they are rendered in Russian

Ex. 21. Give all the possible forms of Participle 1 to the following in­finitives:

to put, to open, to strike, to push, to arrive, to hear, to stop, to enter, to finish, to live

Ex. 22. Give attributive phrases using Participle I and explain them ' according to the model. Translate the phrases into Russian.

Model: (a) a child; to sleep (b) a sleeping child

a sleeping child a child that is sleeping

a fish; to fly a flying fish

a flying fish a fish that can fly (that flies)

1. a woman; to smile 2. children; to laugh 3. a look; to understand; 4. a building; to burn 5. a lamp; to stand 6. a man; to know 7. a ship; to sink 8. indifference; to seem 9. a story; to touch 10. a thought; to disturb 11. interest; to grow 12. light; to blind 13. winter; to come 14. a crowd; to cheer 15. a machine; to add 16. a page; to miss 17. a bus; to pass 18. eyes; to search 19. a remark; to cut 20. a look; to question

Ex. 23. Open the brackets, using the correct form of Participle I. Trans­late the sentences into Russian.

1. She sat in a comfortable armchair (to smoke) a cigarette. 2. (to put) aside the newspaper, she raised her eyes at me. 3. We watched the delegation (to show) into the hall. 4. (to visit) the museum before, I knew my way easily. 5. (to rise), the secretary put down the newspaper. 6. (to stop) before the traffic lights, he saw to his surprise it was almost eight o'clock. 7. (to work) as a taxi-driver for twenty years, he knew every little corner of the town. 8. I felt the car pick up speed, (to look) over at the speedometer, I noticed we were making a hundred. 9. The house (to build) at the corner of the street will be a library.

Ex. 24. Replace the parts in bold type by Participle I (non-perfect form, active) according to the model.

M o d e l I She looked down at her son who was sleeping on the sofa.

(attribute)She looked down at her son sleeping on the sofa.

1. They passed a group of workers who were repairing the road. 2. He will leave at 10, just in time to meet the train that will arrive at 10.30. 3. It always gives me pleasure to help students who work hard. 4. The windows that face the garden were open. 5. We drove up to the front door of a tall house which stood a little back from the road. 6. Near the dock he ran into asailor who was returning from town. 7. I've received a letter from him which says that he is coming next month. 8. He couldn't fall asleep because of the noise that was coming from the street. 9. He threw aside the letter that was lying on top and picked up the next. 10. She got on the train that was going to Moscow.

M o d e l II That night while he was walking down the

(adverbial modifier of avenue he wished most of all to meet her.

time) (While) Walking down the avenue, he wished

most of all to meet her.

1. While she was clearing the table she thought of the uselessness of such parties. 2. When I saw that it was useless to argue with him, I dropped the subject. 3. He got off at Sverdlov Square, and walked fast towards the Bolshoi Theatre, 4. When he arrived at the station, he didn't find anyone to meet him. 5. The girl took a sheet of paper and wrote the first words that came into her head. 6. Then she stopped suddenly, as she remembered the presence of the children. 7. As he pulled up at the house, he was surprised to see no light in the windows. 8. While grandfather was enjoying the smoke he thought over his present situa­tion.9. When he saw them, he stopped to let them catch up with him. 10. As she entered the garden, she saw her father repairing the car.

M o d e l III (1) As he was busy, he refused the invitation.

(adverbial modifier of Being busy, he refused the invitation.

reason) (2) She turned to me for help because she did not know how to deal with the problem. She turned to me for help, not knowing hiw to deal with the problem.

1. He saw his mistake and stopped arguing. 2. As she was very tired, she fell asleep the moment her head touched the pillow. 3. As he was sure that he was right, he felt calm and undisturbed. 4. She stopped, she didn't know which way to follow. 5. He decided to change his job, because he was not fit for it.

M о d e 1 IV He went out and closed the door behind him.

(adverbial modifier of He went out closing the door behind him.

manner or attending

circumstances)

1. "I would rather start for the station immediately," she said and looked up at the clock. 2. He sat by the open window and watched the people passing by. 3. She answered all my questions calmly and tried to look indifferent. 4. They stood on the doorstep and watched the car as it drove away. 5. He entered the room, he whistled gaily. 6. He stood before the house where he grew as a child and thought of many things. 7. She lay on the sofa and listened to the radio. 8. He smoked all the time and usually lighted a fresh cigarette from the end of the last.

Ex. 25. Paraphrase the parts in bold type, using Participle I (perfect form, active*)

1. After they had repaired the car, they drove on, though it was past midnight. 2. When I packed all my things, I still had enough time to write a few letters. 3. They were old friends, they had been at school together. 4. For an hour or so he watched a lovely film that he knew by heart, as he had seen it at least ten times. 5. When he was told that he would go there by plane, he felt excited, as he had never travelled by air before. 6. When we had reached the top of the mountain, we sank to the ground, too tired to do anything. 7. After he had worked at the Institute for five years, he decided to take a postgraduate course.

Ex. 26. Paraphrase the parts in bold. type using Participle I (passive form).

1. The experiment which is being made in our laboratory will be very important for our future work. 2. The letter was written in pencil, it was difficult to read. 3. They looked at the house which was being built on the other side of the river. 4. As he was not allowed to read, he most­ly spent his time listening to the radio. 5. He asked for additional explanation as he was not satisfied with the answer.

Ex. 27. Translate the following sentences using Participle I in the cor­rect form.

1. Дав ему обещание, я не мог не прийти. 2. Прослужив в ар­мии два года, он вернулся взрослым человеком. 3. «Я бы хотела, чтобы меня поняли правильно», сказала она, улыбаясь. 4. Она си­дела молча, уставившись на огонь. 5. Окна, которые выходили на мост, были открыты. 6. Узнав меня, она крикнула, чтобы я оста­новился и подождал ее. 7. Так как он сам был веселым человеком, он умел подбодрить и других. 8. Чтобы успеть на поезд, который прибывает в 8 утра, она должна была встать очень рано. 9. Домик, который стоял в стороне от дороги, принадлежал учителю школы. 10. Он понял свою ошибку и перестал спорить. 11. Подходя к дому, он увидел, как погас свет на первом этаже. 12. Дорога, которая сейчас ремонтируется, будет значительно шире после ремонта. 13. Войдя в комнату, она сразу заметила какую-то перемену. 14. Закон­чив лекцию, профессор оглядел аудиторию, ожидая вопросов. 15. Под­ходя к дому, я вспомнила, что забыла опустить письмо. 16. Узнав меня, он подошел к нашей группе и попросил разрешения присоединить­ся к нам. 17. Будучи в хорошем расположении духа, он был весел и разговорчив.

Participle II

Ex. 28. Study the use of Participle II in the following sentences, state their functions.*

Ex. 29. (a) Compare Participle I and Participle II in the following attributive phrases;

(b) translate them into Russian;

(c) explain them according to the model.

Model: (1) A burning cigarette: a cigarette that is burning;

a burnt letter: a letter that has been burnt.

(2) a promising student: a student that is talented and promises to become a good specialist.

a promised trip: a trip that has been promised.

1. disturbing silence — disturbed silence; 2. a hurting remark — a hurt look; 3. a sinking ship — a sunk ship; 4. a pleasing smile — a pleased smile; 5. a stopping train — a stopped train; 6. a surprising expression — a surprised expression; 7. a frightening look — a fright­ened look; 8. an exciting film — an excited child.

Ex. 30. Paraphrase the parts in bold type using Participle II according to pattern 3 in the chart.

1. There were a lot of foreign guests at the conference that was held in May. 2. The first thing that attracted his attention was a big vase that was filled with beautiful roses. 3. We sat down on the ground that was covered with dry leaves. 4. I reached for the glass that was held out to me. 5. He looked around the coffee-shop that was packed with people and moved to the table that was marked "Reserved". 6. Entering the station I saw a hurrying man who was followed by a porter. 7. They all had to obey the instructions that were given by the head clerk. 8. He acted on the plan that had been worked out a long time ago. 9. She didn't want to see him for reasons that had already been mentioned.

Ex. 31. Translate the following sentences, using Participle II.

1. У него был очень испуганный вид. 2. Эта телеграмма пришла вместе с почтой, доставленной утром. 3. Я с трудом нес чемодан, набитый книгами. 4. Он ни за что не хотел тратить деньги, отложен­ные на поездку. 5. Метод, используемый этим рабочим, был подхва­чен всеми. 6. У нее был взволнованный вид. 7. Он оглядел сад с довольной улыбкой. 8. Подходя к столу, он увидел на нем письмо, адресованное ему. 9. Когда я вошел в комнату, он собирал с пола кусочки разбитой чашки. 10. Хорошо одетый незнакомец сразу при­влек наше внимание. 11. Вещи, которые были уже упакованы, лежали на полу около дверей. 12. Сделанный на заказ костюм сидел на нем очень хорошо.

A Complex Object With Participle II

Ex. 32. Study the following chart, translate the sentences into Russian.

Ex. 33. Answer the following questions using a complex object with Participle II.

1. How often do you have your hair cut? 2. When did you last have your hair cut? 3. Where did he have his watch repaired? 4. How often do you have your teeth examined? 5. Where does she have her clothes made? 6. When will they have this job done? 7. When did he have his suit cleaned? 8. Where can I have my coat shortened?

Ex. 34. Paraphrase the following sentences according to the model, watch the difference in meaning.

Model: (a) I'll make somebody do this job. I'll have this job done.

(b) She wants to shorten her dress. She wants to have her dress shortened.

1. He wants his dinner to be served at 5. 2. They'll discuss this prob­lem at the meeting. 3. When does he want to send this telegram? 4. We want to finish this work by the end of the month. 5. The print of the manuscript is too small. He doesn't want to ruin his eyes. 6. I want to do my hair in a new style.

Ex. 35. Practise the following according to the model.

Model: My hair has grown long. (to cut)

I must have it cut.

1. He has a terrible toothache. The tooth has gone too far (to pull out). 2. My watch is five minutes slow (to repair). 3. His suit is already dirty. He mustn't wear it like that (to send it to the cleaner's). 4. There is some trouble with the gearbox (to put it right). 5. We are leaving to­morrow (to pack; all the things). 6. Her teeth are uneven (to straighten). 7. Their house looks ugly (to repaint).

Ex. 36. Translate the following sentences using a complex object with Participle II.

1. Когда мы пришли, все ее вещи были упакованы. 2. Вам не­обходимо подстричься. 3. Вам следует отремонтировать свои часы. Тогда вы, может быть, не будете опаздывать. 4. Ей хочется сшить но­вое пальто. 5. Мне только что вырвали зуб. 6. У вас что-то серьезное с рукой. Вам надо показать ее врачу. 7. Мы должны рассмотреть этот вопрос в понедельник. 8. Мне бы хотелось, чтобы мои распоряжения выполнялись.

MIXED BAG

Ex. 37. Open the brackets using the correct form of Participle I or Par­ticiple II.

1. (to read) half the book, he fell asleep. 2. The wind (to come) from the North was bitterly cold. 3. She didn't pay any attention to the (to ring) telephone. 4. (to reach) for the sugar, she upset a cup of coffee. 5. They sat around the fire (to stare) at it in silence. 6. I noticed him give her a (to surprise) look. 7. In the middle of the night he woke up (to shake) with cold. 8. She opened the telegram with (to shake) fingers. 9. He wants to have his luggage (to pick up) on the way to the station. 10. I don't really see what can be done about the (to ruin) picture. 11. The path (to lead) to the house was covered with yellow leaves. 12. He walked out of the room, (to leave) the door open. 13. They were worrying about the child (to leave) alone in the house. 14. (to look) forward to that moment for a long time, he felt no pleasure now that it had ar­rived. 15. Why not throw away the (to break) sunglasses, we are not likely to repair them. 16. While waiting for a flight at the airport a passenger can have his hair (to cut), his suit (to press), shoes (to shine).

Ex. 38. Fill in the blanks with Participle II or Participle I in the cor­rect form of the verb in brackets.

1.... breakfast they called a taxi to take them to the station (to finish). 2. Everyone turned to the only woman in the room... on the sofa (to sit). 3. She rose and,... me to follow her, walked on,... and.... (to tell, to laugh, to talk). 4.... me in the postman left the parcel with my next-door neighbours (not to find). 5. "I don't know if I see what you mean," he said with a... expression (to hurt). 6.... to the window she threw it open. In the street a.... circus was passing (to cross; to tra­vel). 7.... the gate he sang an old song... at times to admire his work (to paint, to stop). 8. We-stopped at-the freshly... gate (to paint). 9.... the episode I couldn't help laughing (to remember). 10. You needn't repeat the lesson so well... by everybody (to remember). 11. "Do you find this film interesting?" he asked... to her (to turn). 12. We had the roof of our country house... green (to paint). 13. He walked along the street with his collar... up, hands in pockets (to turn).

Ex. 39. Translate the following sentences, using Participle I or Parti­ciple II.

1. Прослушав внимательно его доклад, я понял, какую большую работу он проделал. 2. Слушая внимательно все, о чем он говорил, я одновременно наблюдал аудиторию. 3. Беспокоясь о его будущем, она думала о том, как помочь ему. 4. Она отвечала на вопросы рас­сеянно, все время думая о случившемся. 5. Будучи новым человеком, он пока не задавал вопросы, боясь попасть впросак (сделать ошиб­ку). 6. Он посмотрел на отремонтированную машину с удовлетворе­нием и гордостью. 7. Увидев, что машина замедлила ход, я понял, что они меня подвезут. 8. Успокоившись, она начала рассказывать нам о случившемся. 9. Первое, что он увидел, подходя к дому, — это разбитое окно. 10. Повинуясь приказу инструктора, водитель замед­лил ход. 11. Мы прислушались к тишине, изредка нарушаемой какой-то птицей. 12. Услышав ее имя, он тотчас же вспомнил, где они встре­тились впервые. 13. Его обиженный вид рассмешил всех. 14. Будучи расстроенным, он нечаянно повернул не в ту сторону. 15. Мне бы хо­телось удлинить пальто.

Ex. 40. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of Participle I or Par­ticiple II. Retell the story.

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