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НУЛЕВОЙ ОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЙ/ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЙ
1.1. Перед существительными school, college, university, church, prison, jail, bed, work, home, town, hospital,если речь идет об организа-ции и деятельности людей в этом уч-реждении: It’s time to go to bed.   1.2. Названия наук и языков, если нет слова “language” или конкретизи-рующего контекста: Maths, History, French   1.3. Названия процессов приема пи-щи, сезонов, времен дня и ночи - в общем смысле: Lunch is ready. - при наличии определении early, late     1.4. Названия месяцев и дней недели: Monday, May   1.5. Во фразах from… to/till: from morning till night 2.1. Когда существительные school, college, university, church, prison, jail, bed, work, home, town, hospital обозначают конкретный объект, здание, употребление артикля с ними подчиняется общим правилам: Where is the university? There is a church in the village.   2.2. C названиями языков, если есть слово “language” или конкретизирующий контекст – определенный артикль: the French language 2.3. С названиями процессов приема пищи, сезонов, времен дня и ночи при наличии ограничивающего опреде-ления, конкретизирующего контекста – определенный артикль (The dinner was a success.), при наличии описывающего определения – неопределенный: a heavy breakfast   2.4. С названиями месяцев и дней недели при наличии ограничивающего определения, конкретизирующего контекста – определенный артикль (the May of 1945); при наличии описывающего определения – неопределенный: a cold May   2.5. Со словами cinema, theater, circus, radio - определенный артикль: the cinema

Артикли в устойчивых выражениях

Articles with nouns in some set expressions

 

НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЙ ОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЙ НУЛЕВОЙ
1.1. a headache - головная боль a toothache – зубная боль a sorethroat – ангина a cold – простуда (с гл. to have)   1.2.to have: (одноактное действие) a rest – отдохнуть a smoke – покурить to take: a bath – принять ванну a seat – сесть   1.3. once/twice a week/a month… - раз/два раза в неделю, месяц …   1.4. a lot of/ a great deal of … - много а few/a little – несколько 2.1. in the morning/ evening/afternoon – утром/вечером/днем   2.2.on/to the right/left – направо/налево on the whole – в целом on the one/other hand – с одной/другой стороны   3.1.at noon/midnight – в полдень/полночь at night – ночью   3.2. to go: - by car/ bus/ plane – ехать на машине/ автобусе/самолете - on foot – идти пешком   3.3. in fact – на самом деле on purpose-специально by chance – случайно at first sight – с первого взгляда on/in time - вовремя

EXERCISES

 

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate article where necessary.

 

1) I saw … man in … armchair. He was reading … newspaper. 2) … boy said that he wanted two candies. 3) Is there anybody else in … waiting-room? Yes,… man wants to speak to you. 4) I like to be in …centre of everything. 5) Mrs. Patsy is … last person I'd like to meet. 6) I’ve bought …. beautiful dress. 7) Can you play … guitar? 8) What …lovely song! 9) Is … this paper yours? – No. It’s … Kate’s paper. 10) Would you like … cup of tea? 11) Our train leaves from … Platform 126. 12) … sky outside … window was already dark, secretaries went home, all was quiet. 13) We’ll have more time … next week. 14) Simon’s been rather … difficult person to get along with. 15) Look out! There is … dangerous bend in the road. 16) I tell you, he is as brave as … man can reasonably be. 17) This is the front room. … ceiling and … walls need decorating, but … floor is in good order. We’ll probably cover it with … carpet. 18) We have seen what … Earth looks like from … Moon.

 

 

Exercise 2. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate article where necessary.

A. Articles with abstract nouns and names of materials.

 

1)... life is impossible without...water and...air. 2) You can't swim in the river....water isn't warm enough. 3) You can’t do any work without … knowledge. 4)He has... deep knowledge in mathematics. 5) He drank … coffee and went out. 6) You can be satisfied with... progress you have made. 7) … coffee was better than Dinny expected. 8) She had … natural grace that was very attractive. 9) … was fresh and cool. 10) It seems to me Englishman show … deep distrust of strangers.

 

B. Articles with geographical names.

 

1)... Kazbek is... highest peak of... Caucasus. 2)... Alps are covered with … snow. 3)... Shetland Islands are situated to the north of... Great Britain. 4)... USA is... largest country in... America. 5)... Crimea is washed by... Black Sea. 6)... Lake Baikal is... deepest lake in... world. 7)... Paris is... capital of... France. 8)... Nile flows across the northeastern part of... Africa to... Mediterranean Sea. 9) … United Kingdom consists of four parts: … England, … Scotland, … Wales and … Northern Ireland. 10) … Alaska is … largest and coldest state in … USA. 11) … Seine flows through … Paris to … Atlantic Ocean. 12) … Sahara is … greatest desert in … North Africa, extending from … Atlantic Ocean to … Nile.

C. Articles with the names of places, building and public organizations.

 

1) … Bolshoi Theatre is famous for its ballet performances. 2) When will he arrive at…Heathrow airport? 3) … Julius Caesar founded …Tower of London. 4) … Davidsons often do shopping in …Oxford Street. 5) If you are interested in churches and historical places, you should by no means see …Westminster Abbey, … Houses of Parliament, …St. Paul's Cathedral and …Tower. 6) When … father came we had dinner and then watched TV. 7) On …Wednesday … Financial Times published an article about the situation in…North Korea. 8) … Princess Diana stayed at … Hilton Hotel. 9) … London Zoo is situated in … Regent’s Park. 10) If you like art galleries you should go to … National Gallery and … Tate. 11) … Willowbys left town as soon as they were married.

 

D. Pay attention to the cases described in §7.

 

1) It was…evening. 2) It was … warm summer evening. 3)….evening was very pleasant. 4) Let's meet in … evening, I'll be very busy in … afternoon. 5) It was …early morning. 6) It snowed at … night. 7) He used to work from … morning till … night. 8) She still remembers … autumn when he first told her of his love. 9) … cold May is a usual thing St.-Petersburg. 10) … English of America differs from … English of Great Britain. 11) I met him on … Monday. 12) She came on … Friday when David was born.

 

 

Exercises 3. (Revision) Fill in the blanks with the appropriate article where necessary.

1) … life would be more difficult without the telephone. 2) Can you play … violin? 3) Will you play … draughts with me? 4) … Chinese invented … paper and … powder. 5) The government should take more care of … disabled and … unemployed. 6) Was it difficult for you to communicate in … Switzerland? – No, Fortunately I met … Swiss who spoke … English very well. They helped me a lot. 7) He lives in … south of … Australia. 8) It seemed to him that nothing would break … silence. Suddenly there was … scream, then … second, then … third. 9) He came in one morning when we were having … dinner on … terrace of … hotel and introduced himself. 10) It was … early evening but I was feeling so sleepy so I decided to have … nap. 11) He made … gross mistake. … economists can’t make such … mistakes. 12) Have … look at … sky. It looks like rain. 13) My favourite subject at … school was … biology. 14) … Trafalgar Square is … geographical centre of … London. 15) Have you ever been to … Museum of Fine Arts. 16) One of my classmates entered … Moscow State University … last year. 17) We met on … wet Monday in … June. 18) … Mr. Smith, … engineer of our company, returned from his trip to … Malta. 19) On … one hand, … facts he presented are true, but on … other hand, I can’t trust him. 20) He fell in love with her at … first sight. 21) I never knew a lawyer yet who didn’t threaten to put me in … prison. 22) … West Indies is a chain of islands between … North and … South America. 23) He knows much of … French Revolution. 24) Even … strongest have their hour of depression.

Exercise 7. Translate into English.

1) Будьте добры, передайте мне соль, пожалуйста. 2) Хотя земля была холодной и мокрой, небо было ясным. 3) Какой неожиданный визит! 4) У тебя есть телефон? 5) Телефон не работает. 6) Португальцы очень отличаются от испанцев. 7) Принеси мне воды, пожалуйста. 8) Средиземное море находится между Европой, Азией и Африкой. 9) Она была Клэптон, и, как все Клэптоны, очень умна. 10) Где они остановились? – В отеле «Континенталь». Это на Хай-стрит. 11) Он обладает обширными знаниями в области медицины. 12) Для осени это был очень теплый вечер. 13) Была ранняя весна, день был чудесный. 14)Я никогда не забуду тот вечер в Лондоне. 15) Я был на Украине в прошлом году и собираюсь туда на следующий год тоже. 16) После того, как я закончил школу, я поступил в институт. 17) Мистер Келли пошел в школу, чтобы поговорить с учителем дочери.

 

 


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