Packaging

Some form of packaging will almost certainly be needed. In most cases the dried product will be compressed in to smaller high density packages before it is stored or fed.

There basic types of packaging have been developed:

a) “Wafers”, in which the chopped dried grass is compressed by a piston - type press, which retains a proportion of quite long pieces of dried grass in the packages.

b)”Pellets”, producing by compressing milled dried grass in a rotary - die press.

c)"Cobs", produced by compressing chopped dried grass in a rotary - die press: the particle size in cobs is intermediate between those in wafers and pellets.

Wafers. Wafering presses were developed to produce packages of dried grass containing the "long" pieces of fibre considered to be needed by the dairy cow. They are modifications of briquetting presses for sawdust and coal.

Pellets. They are the commonest form of package at present. The storage and handling of pellets is very satisfactory. The small particle size is ideal when the dried grass is fed in mixed rations. But the installation and operating costs of both a hammermill and pelleting press are very high.

Cobs. They can be produced in several types of rotary press, including orbiting roller and rotating - die machines, and flat - bed presses in which rollers force the dried through holes in a fixed horizontal die.

All types of package must be thorough cooled to prevent " sweating "and moulding in store. This can be done in a ventilated trailer or a horizontal cooler.

Vocabulary.

packaging, package - пакування в тюки (паки): пакувати

compress - стискати, ущільнювати

density - щільність

wafer - вафля, облатка, обгортка

chop - сікти, стесати, кришити

piston - type press - пресе поршневого гнпу

retain - зберігати. утримувати

pellet - гранула, шротинка

milled - змелений, розплющений

rotary - die press - стаціонарний ротаційний прес

2) Випишіть виділені жирним шрифтом слова, вкажіть їх українські еквіваленти та запам’ятайте.

3) Напишіть анотацію до тексту.

IV ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНЕ ЧИТАННЯ (обсяг – 15 тис. друкованих знаків газетного тексту)

1) Прочитайте, перекладіть статті, виписуючи слова в словник.

2) Запам’ятайте 20 ключових слів.

3) Підготуйте усний переказ прочитаного.

КОНТРОЛЬНЕ ЗАВДАННЯ

ДО САМОСТІЙНОЇ РОБОТИ

Варіант 12

І ГРАМАТИКА

1) Спишіть, вибираючи правильну часову форму

1. It (has been raining / has rained / is raining) since morning, but it has stopped now.

2. I (have been working / have worked / worked) for six hours and now I shall stop.

3. Some my students (have been living / have lived / live) in London since 1997.

4. They (have been staying / have stayed / stayed) in a hostel so far, but I am just about to take a furnished apartment.

5. I told you (had been driving / had driven / drove) for three hours and were tired.

6. They answered me it (had been raining / was raining / rained)

since the first day of autumn.

7. The young lady thought her husband (worked / had worked / had been working) here for five years.

8. The fifth year students (will have been learning / will have learnt / will learn) Business English by the end of May.

9. Before a taxi arrives tomorrow my friend (will have been waiting / will wait / waits) for half an hour.

10. Before this young family has their own house they (will have been living / will live / will have lived) with their parents.

2) Спишіть, поставивши дієслово у правильну форму пасивного стану.

1. Last year this book (read) by many students.

2. The picture (look) at by many visitors of our Sumy art museum.

3. As you know cotton (grow) in the Southern countries.

4. Many cereals (sow) by farmers every autumn.

5. This variety of sunflower (develop) by our scientists next year.

6. These exercises (write) during an hour by Mary and Ann at the moment.

7. The letter (type) now.

8. A fur coat (buy) already by my husband.

9. When he came the dinner (cook) already.

10. By the end of the year the experiments (complete).

3) Перекладіть англійською мовою.

1. Шкода, що ви не звернули уваги на мої слова.

2. Добре було б купити нове авто.

3. Шкода, що ви відмовились взяти участь у конференції.

4. Добре було б звільнитись раніше.

5. Шкода, що він не досить серйозний.

4) Перекладіть англійською мовою.

1. Я ненавиджу, коли вона плаче.

2. Ми хочемо, щоб ви приїхали до нас.

3. Вони почули, що їх син вертається з Британії.

4. Він примусив брата прибрати в кімнаті.

5. Ми сподіваємось, що делегація прибуде вчасно.

ІІ МОВНА ПРАКТИКА

Підготуйте реферат на тему: „Christmas in Great Britain”.

ІІІ РОБОТА З ТЕКСТОМ ЗАГАЛЬНОФАХОВОЇ ТЕМАТИКИ

1) Прочитайте та перекладіть письмово поданий нижче текст.

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