Il — illegal, illiberal, illimitable

Задание 11.4. Прочитайте следующие существи­тельные, укажите, от каких слов они образованы, определите суффиксы:

Russian, construction, direction, concentration, col­ lection, heroism, popularity, musician, boyhood, agree­ ment, kingdom, drawing.

Задание 11.5. Используя известные вам суффик­сы и префиксы, образуйте существительные от сле­ дующих слов и переведите их на русский язык.

To sail, to connect, to educate, to build, to dance

Friend, leader, fellow

Dark, weak, mad, cold, bright.

Задание 11.6. Образуйте прилагательные от сле­дующих слов, используя суффиксы и префиксы, и переведите их на русский язык.

Hope, truth, beauty, rain, peace, help, colour, power joy, pain, care, use

УРОК 1 2

Грамматика

СТРАДАТЕЛЬНЫЙ ЗАЛОГ

Формы страдательного залога английских глаголов образуются с помощью вспомогательного глагола to be в соответствующем времени, лице и числе и причас­ тия II (Participle II) смыслового глагола:

Глагол-сказуемое в страдательном залоге показывает, что подлежащее предложения является объектом дей­ ствия со стороны другого лица или предмета.

Сравните: I bought a book. — Я купил книгу. The book was bought (by me). — Книга была куплена (мной).

Английский язык

Глаголы в страдательном залоге на руеский язык переводятся:

1) глаголом быть + краткая форма причастия стра­ дательного залога:

The letter was sent yesterday. Письмо было дослано вчера.

2) глаголом с частицей -ся (-сь):

This problem was discussed last week. Эта проблема обсуждалась на прошлой неделе.

3) неопределенно-личным оборотом, т. е. глаголом в действительном залоге 3 лица множественного числа, типа «говорят», «сказали»:

English is spoken in many countries. На английс­ ком языке говорят во многих странах.

4) глаголом в действительном залоге (при наличии исполнителя действия):

Pupils are taught at school by the teachers. Учени­ ков учат в школе учителя.

Задание 12.1. Переведите и определите залог и вре­мя сказуемого.

Не left for Moscow. 2. The news will be of great interest. 3. They were speaking to him. 4. She studied many subjects. 5. The film was much spoken about.

6. New subjects will be studied next year. 7. 1 am work­ ing now. 8. The text has been already written by them.

He studies at our college. 10. You are working, aren't you? 11. The text is being translated at the moment.

Do you work at this office? 13. When I saw him, he was going home. 14. They will have passed their exams by 3 o'clock. 15. This book was written by our teacher.

16. We shall be writing our tests at 10 o'clock. 17. The work will have been done when he comes. 18. We trans­ lated this text. 19. The letter had been written before

Урок 12

We came. 20. We shall inform you. 21. These toys are made by children. 22. Does he work here? 23. Is he working now? 24. The conference will be held in May. 25. Rostov was named after Dmitry Rostovsky. 26. What are you doing here? 27. This work must be done at once. 28. You may take my book. 29.1 am often asked at the lessons by the teacher.

Задание 12.2. Переведите и определите залог и вре­мя сказуемого.

They can be seen in our library every day. 2. The delegation was met at the airport. 3. The child was often left home alone. 4. These houses were built last year. 5. All letters had been written when we came. 6. This film is much spoken about. 7. The machine is being tested now. 8. His work has been already finished. 9. I was told to wait in the reception room. 10. Your letter will have been answered by Monday.

Задание 12.3. Раскройте скобки, поставьте глаго­лы в нужные формы страдательного залога.

1. I'm not reading these books today. They (return) to the library. 2. The paintings (exhibit) till the end of the month. 3. Why your home task (not do)? 4. The patient (take) to the hospital today, and (operate) tomorrow morning. 5. This room (use) only on special occasions. 6. Bicycles must not (leave) here. 7. This newspaper (not read) because the pages (not cut). 8. Dictionaries may not (use) at the examination. 9. Usually the floor (sweep) every day, but it (not sweep) yesterday. 10. This book (leave) in the classroom yesterday. 11. Thousands of new houses (build) every year. 12. This room (not use) for a long time. 13. The children (take) to the circus tomor­ row.

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