With the advent of new computer applications and hardware, the definition of data has expanded to include many types

Numeric data consists of numbers and decimal points, as well as the plus (+) and minus (—) signs. Both arithmetic operations and logical operations are performed on numeric data. This means that numbers can be used for calculations as well as sorted and compared to each other.

Text, or textual data, can contain any combination of letters, numbers and special characters. Sometimes tex­ tual data is known as alphanumeric data.

Various forms of data that we can hear and see makes up audio-visual data. The computer can produce sounds, music and even human voice. It can also accept audio-information as an input. Data can also take form of draw­ ings and video sequences.

Physical data is captured from the environment. For example, light, temperature and pressure are all types of physical data. In many large "buildings, computer systems process several kinds of physical data to regulate operations. Computers can set off security alarms, control temperature and humidity, or turn lights on and off, all in response to physical data. These applications increase people's safety and save the time and money.

Workingvocabulary:

Data — данные

To divide — делить

To compute — вычислять computation — вычисление

\ arithmetic operation — арифметическая операция

Английский язык

Value — величина

Logical operation — логическая операция comparison — сравнение

Addition — сложение subtraction — вычитание false — ложный

To benefit — получать пользу equal — равный

To determine — определять to compare — сравнивать tool — инструмент

Microwave oven — микроволновая печь embedded- встроенный

Accept — принимать

Flexible — гибкий, изменчивый advent — приход

To expand — расширять sequence — последовательность increase — увеличивать

decimal point — десятичная точка save — спасать, зд. экономить

Generalunderstanding

1. In what two major parts could be computer opera­ tions divided?

What are arithmetic operations?

What are logical operations?

Can computer compare two graphical objects?

What makes computer so different from other tools?

6. What is an embedded computer? What modern devic­ es have embedded computers?

7". How many are types of data?

What is physical data?

Урок 16

Задание 16.1. Какие из приведенных ниже утвер­ждений верны/неверны. Аргументируйте свой ответ, опираясь на текст.

1. Arithmetic operations are operations with num­ bers — subtraction and division.

Early computers gave false impression about their capabilities.

3. Logical operations are computer's ability to com­ pare two values.

The major difference between the computer and tools lies in the flexibility of the program.

Embedded computers are found only in typewriters and ovens.

Microwave oven's program is flexible and could be changed because of the embedded computer.

7. Numeric data consist of numbers, decimal points and the (+) and (-) signs.

8) Computer can accept human speech as an audio­ visual input data.

Задание 16.2. Дайте определения, используя сло­варь:

Software

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