Who is she talking to? What is it like?

A Julia is talking to somebody. Who is she talking to?

In questions beginning Who …?/ What …?/ Where …?/ Which …?, prepositions (to / from / with etc.) usually go at the end:

• “Where are you from?” “I’m from Thailand.”

• “John was afraid.” “What was he afraid of?”

• “Who do these books belong to?” “They’re mine.”

• “Tom’s father is in hospital.” “Which hospital is he in?”

• “Kate is going on holiday.” “Who with?”/ “Who is she going with?”

• “I want to talk to you.” “What about?”/ “What do you want to talk to me about?”

B What is it like?/ What are they like? etc.

What’s your new house like? It’s very big.

What’s (= What is) it like? = tell me something about it – is it good or bad, big or small, old or new? etc.

When we say “What is it like?”, like is a preposition. It is not the verb like (“Do you like your new house?” etc.).

• A: There’s a new restaurant in our street.

B: What’s it like? Is it good?

A: I don’t know. I haven’t eaten there yet.

• A: What’s your new teacher like?

B: She’s very good. We learn a lot.

• A: Did you have a nice holiday? What was the weather like?

B: It was lovely. The sun shone every day.

• A: I met Linda’s parents yesterday.

B: Did you? What are they like?

A: They’re very friendly.

Exercises.

1. You want missing information (XXXXX). Write questions with who or what.

1) The letter is from XXXXX. Who _________________________

2) I’m looking for a XXXXX. What __________________________

3) I went to the cinema with XXXXX. ____________________________

4) The film was about XXXXX. _________________________________

5) I gave the money to XXXXX. _________________________________

6) The book was written by XXXXX. ____________________________

2. Write questions beginning Which …?

1) Tom’s father is in hospital. Which hospital _______________?

2) We stayed at a hotel. _____________________________

3) Jack plays for a football team. _____________________________

4) I went to school in this town. _____________________________

3. You want some information about another country. You ask somebody who has been there. Ask questions with What is/ are … like?

1) the roads 3) the people

2) the food 4) the weather

4. Ask questions with What was/ were … like?

1) Your friend has just come back from holiday. Ask about the weather.

______________________________________________________________

2) Your friend has just come back from the cinema. Ask about the film.

_______________________________________________________________

3) Your friend has just finished an English course. Ask about the lessons.

_______________________________________________________________

4) Your friend has just come back from holiday. Ask about the hotel.

_______________________________________________________________

What …? Which …? How …?

AWhat + noun (What colour …?/ What kind of …? etc.)

• What colour is your car? • What colour are your eyes?

• What size is this shirt? • What make is your TV set?

• What time is it? • What day is it today?

• What kind of job do you want? (or What type os job …?/ What sort of job …?)

What without a noun:

• What’s your favourite colour? • What do you want to do this evening?

BWhich + noun (things or people):

• Which train did you catch – the 9.50 or the 10.30?

• Which doctor did you see – Doctor Ellis, Doctor Gray or Doctor Hill?

We use which without a noun for things, not for people:

• Which is bigger – Canada or Australia?

We use who for people (without a noun):

• Who is taller – Bill or Gerry?

CWhat or which?

We use which when we are thinking about a small number of possibilities (perhaps 2, 3 or 4):

• We can go this way or that way. - Which way shall we go?

• There are four umbrellas here. - Which is your?

What is more general:

• What is the capital of Argentina?

• What sort of music do you like?

Compare:

• What colour are his eyes?

Which colour do you prefer, pink or yellow?

• What is the longest river in the world?

Which is the longest river – the Mississippi, the Amazon or the Nile?

DHow …?

• “How was the party last night?” “It was great.”

• “How do you usually go to work?” “By bus.”

You can use how + adjective/ adverb (how tall/ how old/ how often etc.):

“How tall are you?” “I’m 1 metre 70.”

“How big is the house?” “Not very big.”

“How old is your mother?” “She is 45.”

“How far is it from here to the airport?” “Five kilometres.”

“How often do you use your car?” “Every day.”

“How long have they been married?” “Ten years.”

“How much was the meal?” “Twenty pounds.”

Exercises.

1. Write questions with what.

1) I’ve got a new TV set. (make?) ____________________________

2) I want a job. (kind?) ____________________________

3) I’ve got a new sweater. (colour?) ______________________________

4) I got up early this morning. (time?) ______________________________

5) I like music. (type?) ______________________________

6) I want to buy a car. (kind?) ______________________________

2. Put in what / which / who.

1) __________ is that man’s name?

2) __________ way shall we go? Left or right?

3) You can have tea or coffee. ____________ do you prefer?

4) __________ day is it today? “Friday.”

5) This is a nice house. ____________ room is yours?

6) __________ is your favourite sport?

7) __________ is ore expensive, meat or fish?

8) __________ is older, Ann or George?

9) __________ kind of camera have you got?

10) A: Mary has got three cameras.

B: __________ camera does the use most?

11) __________ nationality are you?

3. Complete the questions with How + adjective or adverb (high / long etc.).

1) How high is Mount Everest? Nearly 9 000 metres.

2) ________ is it to the station? It’s about two kilometres from here.

3) ________ is Helen? She is 26.

4) ________ do the buses run? Every ten minutes.

5) ________ is the water in the pool? Ten metres.

6) ________ have you lived here? Nearly three years.

4) Write questions with How …?

1) Are you 1 metre 70? 1.75? 1.80? How tall are you?

2) Is this box one kilogram. Two? Three? ____________________

3) Are you 20 years old? 22? 25? ____________________

4) Did you spend £10? 15£? 20£? ____________________

5) Do you watch TV every day? Once a week? Never? ____________________

6) Is it 100 miles from Paris to Moscow? 1500? 2000? ____________________

How long does it take …?

A How long does it take by plane from … to …

It takes two hours by train

ten minutes by car

a long time

How long does it take by plane from London to Madrid? It takes two hours.

• How long does it take by train from London to Manchester?

• It takes two ours by train from London to Manchester.

• How long does it take by car from your house to the station?

• It takes ten minutes by car from my house to the station.

Bdoes you

How long didit take Ann to …

will them

takes me a week

Ittook Ann a long time to …

willtake them three hours

I started reading the book on Monday. I finished it on Wednesday.

It tookme three days toread it.

• How long does it take to fly from London to Madrid?

• It takes a long time to learn a language.

• It doesn’t take long to cook an omelette.

• It takes me 20 minutes to get to work.

• “I came by train.” “Did you? How long did it take (to get here)?”

• It took Tom an hour to do his shopping.

• Did it takeyou a long time to find a job?

• How long will it take me to learn to drive?

• It will takeus an hour tocook the dinner.

Exercises.

1. Write questions with How long …? by plane

1) from London to Manchester?

2) from Milan to Rome?

3) from Paris to Geneva?

4) from Moscow to Volgograd?

5) from city centre to the airport?

2. How long does it take to do these things? Write full sentences.

1) fly from your city/ country to London ________________________________

it takes ______________________________________________________

2) fly from your city/ country to New York ______________________________

____________________________________________________________

3) study to be a doctor in your country __________________________________

____________________________________________________________

4) walk from your home to the nearest shop ______________________________

_____________________________________________________________

5) get from your home to the nearest airport ______________________________

_____________________________________________________________

3. Write questions with How long did it take …?

1) (She found a place to live.) How long did it take her to find a place to live?

2) (I walked to the station.) ______________ you _________________________

3) (He cleaned the windows.) _________________________________________

4) (I learnt to ski.) __________________________________________________

5) (They repaired the car.) ____________________________________________

4. Read the situations and write sentences with It took ….

1) I read a book last week. I started reading it on Monday. I finished it three days later. It took me _____________________________________________________

2) We walked home last night. We left at 10 o’clock and we arrived home at 10.20.

__________________________________________________________________

3) I learnt to drive last year. I had my first driving lesson in January. I passed my driving test six months later. ___________________________________________

4) Mark drove to London yesterday. He left home at 8 o’clock and got to London at 10. _____________________________________________________________

5) Linda began looking for a job a long time ago. She got a job last week. __________________________________________________________________

6) (write a true sentence about yourself) __________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

Do you know where …? I don’t know what … etc.

A Do you know where Paula is?

We say: Where is Paula?

but: Do you know where Paula is?

In the same way: I know where Paula is.

I don’t know where Paula is.

Can you tell me where Paula is?

Compare:

• Who are those people?

• How old is Linda?

• What time is it?

• Where can I do?

• How much is this camera?

• When are you going away?

• Where have they gone?

• What was Ann wearing? but:

B Questions with do/ does/ did (present simple and past simple):

Where does he live?

Do you know where he lives?

Compare:

How do airplanes fly? but: Do you know how airplanes fly?

What does Jane want? I don’t know what Jane wants.

Why did she go home? I don’t remember why she went home.

Where did I put the key? I know where I put the key.

C Questions beginning Is …?/ Do …?/ Can …? etc. (yes/ no questions):

Compare:

Is Jack at home? but: Do you know if Jack is at home?

Have they got a car? or they’ve got a car?

Can Brian swim? I don’t know whether Brian can swim.

Do they live near here? they live near here.

Did anybody see you? anybody saw you.

You can use if or whether in these sentences:

• Do you know if they’ve got a car? or Do you know whether they’ve got a car?

Exercises.

1. Answer the questions with I don’t know where / when / why … etc.

1) Have you friends gone home? where

2) Is Kate in her office? where

3) Is the castle very old? how old

4) Will Paul be here soon? when

5) Was he angry because I was late? why

6) Has Sally lived here a long time? how long

2. Complete the sentences.

1) How do airplanes fly? Do you know _______________________?

2) Where does Sally work? I don’t know ________________________?

3) What did Peter say? Do you remember ____________________?

4) Why did he go home early? I don’t know ________________________?

5) What time does the film begin? Do you know ________________________?

6) How did the accident happen? I don’t remember _____________________?

3. Write questions with Do you know if …?

1) Have they got a car? ____________________________________

2) Are they married? ___________________________________

3) Does Sue know Bill? ____________________________________

4) Will George be here tomorrow? ____________________________________

5) Did he pass his exam? ____________________________________

4. Write questions beginning Do you know …?

1) What does Ann want? _________________________________

2) Where is Paula? _________________________________

3) Is she working today? ________________________________

4) What time does she start work? ________________________________

5) Are the shops open tomorrow? ________________________________

6) Where do Sarah and Tim live? ________________________________

7) Did they go to Ann’s party? ________________________________

5. Use your own ideas to complete these sentences.

1) Do you know why ____________________________________________?

2) Do you know what time ________________________________________?

3) Excuse me, can you tell me where _________________________________?

4) I don’t know what ______________________________________________?

5) Do you know if ________________________________________________?

She said that … He told me that …

Bsay and tell say → said tell → told

• He said that he was tired. • He told me that he was tired.

• What did she say to you? • What did she tell you?

C You can say:

• He said that he was tired. or He said he was tired. (without ‘that’)

• Ann told me that she didn’t like her job. or Ann told me she didn’t like her job.

Exercises.

1. Read what these people say and write sentences with He / she / they said (that) …

1) I’ve lost my job. 6) I don’t feel very well.

2) I’m very busy. 7) We’ll be home late.

3) I can’t go to the party. 8) I’ve just come back from holiday.

4) I have to go out. 9) I’m going to buy a computer.

5) I’m learning Russian. 10) We haven’t got a key.

2. Put in say / said or tell / told.

1) He ________ he was tired.

2) What did she _______ you?

3) Ann _______ she didn’t like Peter.

4) Jack _______ me that you were ill.

5) Please don’t _______ Jim what happened.

6) Did Lucy _______ she would be late?

7) The woman _______ she was a reporter.

8) The woman _______ us she was a reporter.

9) They asked me a lot of questions but I didn’t _______ them anything.

10) They asked me a lot of questions but I didn’t _______ anything.

to … (I want to do) and -ing (I enjoy doing)

A verbs + to … (I want to do)

want plan decide

hope expect offer + to … (to do/ to work/ to be etc.)

need promise refuse

try forget learn

agree choose help (see Note)

manage

Note: help can be used without to: He helped do the shopping.

• What do you want to do this evening?

• It’s not very late. We don’t need to go home yet.

• Tina has decided to sell her car.

• You forgot to switch off the light when you went out.

• My brother is learning to drive.

• I tried to read my book but I was too tired.

B verbs + - ing (I enjoy doing)

enjoy stop suggest

mind finish + - ing (doing/ working/ being etc.)

• I enjoy dancing.

• I don’t mind getting up early.

• Has it stopped raining?

• Sonia suggested going to the cinema.

C verbs + - ing or to …

like love start

prefer hate begin + - ing (doing etc.) or to … (to do)

continue

• Do you like getting up early? or Do you like to get up early?

• I prefer traveling by car. or I prefer traveling by car.

• Ann loves dancing. or Ann loves to dance.

• I hate being late. or I hate to be late.

• It started raining. or It started to rain.

D would like to … (etc.)

would like

would prefer + to … (to do/ to work/ to be etc.)

would love

would hate

• Julia would like to meet you.

• I’d love to go to Australia. (I’d = I would)

• “Would you like to sit down?” “No, I’d prefer to stand, thank you.”

• I wouldn’t like to be a teacher.

Exercises.

1. Put the verb in the right form, to … or - ing.

1) I enjoy __________________ (dance)

2) What do you want ___________ (do) tonight?

3) Goodbye! I hope _____________ (see) you again soon.

4) I learnt ___________ (swim) when I was five years old.

5) Have you finished __________ (clean) the kitchen?

6) I’m tired. I want ___________ (go) to bed.

7) Do you enjoy __________ (visit) other countries?

8) The weather was nice, so I suggested __________ (go) for a walk by the river.

9) Where’s Bill? He promised ________ (be) here on time.

10) I’m not in a hurry. I don’t mind _____________ (wait).

11) What have you decided ___________ (do)?

12) George was very angry and refused __________ (speak) to me.

13) Where’s Ann? I need ___________ (ask) her something.

14) I was very upset and started ______________ (cry).

15) I’m trying _____________ (work). Please stop ________ (talk).

2. Complete the sentences using to … or - ing. Use one of these verbs:

go, help, live, lose, rain, read, see, send, take, wait, walk, watch

1) I like London but I wouldn’t like ________ there.

2) I like _________________________ photographs when I’m on holiday.

3) Linda has a lot of books. She enjoys _________________.

4) I’m surprised that you’re here. I didn’t expect _________________ you.

5) Don’t forget _________________ us a postcard when you’re on holiday.

6) “Shall we get a taxi to the cinema?” “If you like, but it isn’t far. I don’t mind __________________________”.

7) This ring is very beautiful. I’d hate ________________ it.

8) Julia had a lot to do, so I offered ______________ her.

9) What shall we do this afternoon? Would you like ____________ to the beach?

10) When I’m tired in the evenings, I like ________________________ television.

11) “Shall we go now?” “No, I’d prefer _________________ a few minutes.”

12) I’m not going out until it stop ________________________________.

3. Complete the answers to the questions.

1) Do you usually get up early? Yes, I like ______________ early.

2) Do you ever go to museum? Yes, I love ________________.

3) Do you often write letters? No, I don’t like ________________.

4) Have you ever been to New York? No, but I’d love ___________one day.

5) Do you often travel by train? Yes, I enjoy __________________.

6) Shall we eat at home or go to a restaurant?

I don’t mind ________ a restaurant but I’d prefer ______________ home.

4. Complete these sentences. Write about yourself. Use to … or - ing.

1) I enjoy ______________________________________________________

2) I don’t like ___________________________________________________

3) If it’s a nice day tomorrow, I’d like ________________________________

4) When I’m on holiday, I like ______________________________________

5) I don’t mind _______________ but ________________________________

6) I wouldn’t like _________________________________________________

I want you to … I told you to …

A We say: I want you/ somebody/ Ann to do something.

• I want you to be happy.

• They didn’t want anybody to know their secret.

• Do you want me to lend you some money?

We use would like in the same way:

• Would you like me to lend you some money?

B We also use this structure (verb + somebody + to …) with:

verb + somebody + to …

ask Sue asked a friend to lend her some money. tell I told you to be careful.

advise What do you advise me to do?

expect I didn’t expect them to be here.

persuade We persuaded George to come with us.

teach I taught my brother to swim.

C I told you to …/ I told you not to …

“Wait for me.” Ann told me to wait for her.

“Don’t wait for me” Paul told Sue not to wait for him.

D make and let

A Paula wanted a newspaper, so she went to the shop.

Why did she go to the shop?

To buy a newspaper.

to … (to buy/ to see etc.) tells us why a person does something:

• “Why are you going out?” “To get some bread.”

• Ann went to the station to meet her friend.

• Sue turned on the television to watch the news.

• I’d like to go to Spain to learn Spanish.

money/ time to (do something):

• We need some money to buy food.

• I haven’t got time to watch television.

B to … and for …

to + verb (to buy/ to see etc.)

• I went to the shop to buy a newspaper.

• They’re going to Scotland to see their friends.

• We need some money to buy food.

for + noun (for a newspaper/ for food etc.)

• I went to the shop for a newspaper.

• They’re going to Scotland for a holiday.

• We need some money for food.

Cwait for …

• Please wait for me.

• Are you waiting for the bus?

wait to (do something):

• Hurry up! I’m waiting to go.

• Are you waiting to see the doctor?

wait for (somebody/ something) to …:

• I can’t go out yet. I’m waiting for John to phone.

• Are you waiting for the doctor to come?

Exercises.

1. Write sentences beginning I went to … Choose from the boxes.

1) I went to the station to catch a train.

2) I went _______________________________________________

3) I went ________________________________________________

4) I went ________________________________________________

2. Finish the sentences. Choose from the box.

1) I turned on the television _________________________________________

2) Alice sat down in an armchair _____________________________________

3) Do I need a key ________________________________________________?

4) I went for a walk by the river ______________________________________

5) I knocked on the door of David’s room ______________________________

6) The doorbell rang, so I looked out of the window ______________________

3. Use your own ideas to finish these sentences. Use to …

1) I went to the shop ________________________________________________

2) I’m very busy. I haven’t got time ____________________________________

3) I phoned Ann ____________________________________________________

4) I’m going out ____________________________________________________

5) I borrowed some money ____________________________________________

4. Put in to or for.

1) Paula went to the shop ____ buy some bread.

2) We went to a restaurant ____ have dinner.

3) Robert wants to go to university ____ study economics.

4) I’m going to London ____ an interview next week.

5) I’m going to London ____ visit some friends of mine.

6) Have you got time ____ a cup of coffee?

7) I got up late this morning. I didn’t have time ____ wash.

8) Everybody needs money ____ live.

9) The office is very small. There’s space only ____ a desk and chair.

10) A: Excuse me, are you waiting ____ use the phone?

B: No, I’m waiting ____ somebody.

5. Finish the sentences. Choose from:

John/ phone; it/ to arrive; you/ tell me; the film/ begin

1) I can’t go out yet. I’m waiting for John to phone.

2) I sat down in the cinema and waited ___________________________

3) We called an ambulance and waited ___________________________

4) “Do you know what to do?” “No, I’m waiting ____________________”

go to … go on … go for … go -ing

A go to … (go to work/ go to London/ go to a concert etc.)

• What time do you usually go to work?

• I’m going to France next week.

• Tom didn’t want to go to the concert.

• “Where’s Ann?” “She’s gone to bed.”

• I went to the dentist last week.

go to sleep = start to sleep:

• I was very tired and went to sleep quickly.

go home (without to):

• I’m going home now.

B go on … holiday a trip a tour

an excursion a cruise strike

• We’re going on holiday next week.

• Children often go on school trips.

• When we were in Scotland, wee went on a lot of excursions to different places.

• The workers have gone on strike. (= they refusing to work)

C go for … go (somewhere for) a walk a run a swim

a drink a meal a holiday

• “Where’s Ann” “She’s gone for a walk.”

• Do you go for a run every day?

• The sea looks nice. Let’s go for a swim.

• We went for a drink after work yesterday.

• Shall we go out for a meal? I know a good restaurant.

• They’ve gone to Scotland for a holiday. (We say “on holiday” but “for a holiday”

D go +-ing

We use go + -ing for many sports (swimming/ skiing etc.) and also shopping:

I go shopping

He is going swimming

We went fishing

They have gone sailing

She want to go skiing

jogging etc.

• Are you going shopping this afternoon?

• It’s a nice day. Let’s go swimming. (or Let’s go for a swim.)

• Rachel has a small boat and she often goes sailing.

• I went jogging before breakfast this morning.

Exercises.

1. Put in to / on / for where necessary.

1) I’m going ____ France next week.

2) Rachel often goes ____ sailing.

3) Sue went ____ Mexico last year.

4) Would you like to go ____ cinema this evening?

5) Jack goes ____ jogging every morning.

6) I’m going out ____ a walk. Do you want to com?

7) I’m tired because I went to a party last night and went ____ bed very late.

8) Martin is going ____ holiday ____ Italy next week.

9) The weather was warm and the river was clean, so we went ____ a swim.

10) There will be no buses next week because the bus drivers are going ___ strike.

11) I need some stamps, so I’m going ____ the post office.

12) It’s late. I must go ____ home now.

13) Would you like to go ____ a tour of the city.

14) Shall we go out ____ a meal this evening?

15) My parents are going ____ a cruise this summer.

2. Use the words to finish these sentences. Use to / on / for if necessary.

1) The sea looks nice. Let’s go ____________________________.

2) “Is Ann at home?” “No, she’s gone _____________ to get some money.”

3) I’m going _______________________ now. I have to buy some presents.

4) I was very tired last night. I sat down in an armchair and went ____________.

5) I wasn’t enjoying the party, so I went ____________________ early.

6) We live near the mountains. In winter we go ___________ every weekend.

7) Richard has got a horse. He often goes _________________________.

8) The weather is nice. Shall we go ____________________ in the park?

9) A: Are you going _______________________ soon?

B: Yes, next month. We’re going _____________________________.

Get

A get a letter/ get a job etc. (get + noun) = receive/ buy/ fetch/ find

you get it

you don’t have something ↗ ↘ you have it

• “Did you get my letter?” “Yes, I got it yesterday.” (= receive)

• I like your pullover. Where did you get it?

• (o the phone) “Hello, can I speak to Ann, please?” “One moment. I’ll get her.” (fetch)

• It’s difficult to get a job at the moment. (= find)

also get a bus/ a train/ a taxi (= take a bus/ train etc.)

• “Did you come here on foot?” “No, I got the bus.”

B get hungry/ get cold/ get tired etc. (get + adjective) = become:

you get hungry

you’re not hungry ↗ ↘ you are hungry

• If you don’t eat, you get hungry.

• Drink your coffee. It’s getting cold.

• I’m sorry your mother is ill. I hope she gets better soon.

• We got very wet because we didn’t have an umbrella.

also get married • Linda and Frank are getting married.

get dressed (= put your clothes on) • I got up and got dressed quickly.

get lost (= lose your way) • We went for a walk and got lost.

C get to a place = arrive:

• I usually get to work before 8.30. (= arrive at work)

• We left London at 10 o’clock and got to Manchester at 12.45.

• How did you get here? By bus?

get home (without to):

• What time did you get home last night?

D get in/ out/ on/ off

• Kate got in the car and drove away. (we can also say: Kate got into a car…)

• A car stopped and a man got out. (but: A man got out of the car.)

• We got on the bus outside the hotel and got off in Church Street.

Exercises.

1. Complete these sentences. Use get(s) and choose from the list.

a taxi; my letter; some milk; a doctor; your jacket; a good salary; a ticket; the job

1) I wrote to you last week. Did you __________________________?

2) Where did you ______________________________? It’s very nice.

3) Quick! This man is ill. We must _____________________________.

4) I don’t want to walk home. Let’s _____________________________.

5) I had an interview with the manager but I didn’t ______________________.

6) When you go out, can you ____________________________________?

7) “Are you going to the concert?” “Yes, if I can _______________________.”

8) Margaret has got a well-paid job. She _____________________________.

2. Complete the sentences. Use getting + one of these words:

dark, late, cold, ready, married

1) Drink your coffee. It’s ________________________________________.

2) Turn on the light. It’s __________________________________________.

3) “I’m ___________________ next week.” “Oh, really? Congratulations!”

4) “Where’s Sally?” “She’s ___________________________ to go out.”

5) It’s __________________________________. It’s time to go home.

3. Complete the sentences. Use get / got + one of these words:

angry, better, hungry, lost, married, nervous, old, wet

1) If you don’t eat, you ____________________.

2) Don’t go out in the rain. You’ll ______________________.

3) My brother ______________ last year. His wife’s name is Julia.

4) Why did you _____________ with me? I didn’t do anything wrong.

5) We tried to find the hotel but we __________________________.

6) Everybody wants to stay young but we all ______________________.

7) The beginning of the film wasn’t very good but it __________________.

8) Most people __________________________ before examinations.

4. Write sentences with I left … and got to ….

1) home/ 7.30 → work/ 8.15 ______________________________________

2) London/ 10.15 → Bristol/ 11.15 _________________________________

3) the party/ 11.15 → home/ midnight _______________________________

4) Write true sentences about yourself. I left __________________________

5. Put in got in / got out of / got on / got off.

1) Kate _______ the car and drove away.

2) I _______ the bus and walked to my house from the bus stop.

3) Ann _______ the car, shut the door and went into the shop.

4) I made a stupid mistake. I _______ the wrong train.

do and make

ADo is a general word for actions:

• What are you doing this evening?

• “Shall I open the window?” “No, it’s OK. I’ll do it.”

• Julia’s job is very boring. She does the same thing every day.

• I did a lot of things yesterday.

What do you do? = What’s your job?:

• “What do you do?” “I work in a bank.”

B Make = produce/ create. For example:

She’s making coffee. He has made a cake. They make umbrellas. It was made in France.

Compare do and make:

• I did a lot of things yesterday. I cleaned my room. I wrote some letters and I made a cake.

• A: What do you do in your free time? Sport? Reading? Hobbies?

B: I make clothes. I make dresses and jackets. I also make toys for children.

C Expressions with do

D Expressions with make

Ahave and havegot

B have breakfast / have dinner etc.

In these expressions have = eat/ drink/ take etc. You cannot use ‘have got.’

have breakfast/ lunch/ dinner

a meal/ a sandwich/ a pizza etc.

a cup of coffee/ a glass of milk etc.

something to eat/ drink

• “Where’s Ann?” “She’s having lunch,”

• I don’t usually have breakfast.

• I had three cups of coffee this morning.

• “Have a biscuit!” “Oh, thank you.”

We also use have (not ‘have got’) in these expressions:

have a bath/ a shower

a rest/ a holiday/ a party

a nice time/ a good journey etc.

a walk/ a swim/ a game (of tennis etc.)

a dream/ an accident

a baby

a look (at …)

• I had a shower this morning.

• We’re having a party next week. You must come.

• Enjoy your holiday. Have a nice time!

• Did you have a good time in London?

• Sandra has just had a baby,

• Can I have a look at your newspaper?

C Compare I’ve got and I have:

• I’ve got/ I have a new shower. It’s very good. (You can use I’ve got or I have in this sentence.)

• I have a shower every morning. (not I’ve got)

• A: Where’s Paul?

B: He’s having a shower. (= he’ washing now)

Exercises.

1. Put in the correct form of have or have got.

1) I/ not/ have _________ time to do the shopping yesterday.

2) “Lisa/ have?” _________ a car? “No. she can’t drive.”

3) He can’t open the door. he/ not/ have _________ a key.

4) George/ have _________ a cold last week. He’s better now.

5) What’s wrong? You/ have _________ a headache?

6) We wanted to go by taxi but we/ not/ have _________ enough money.

7) Liz is very busy. She/ not/ have _________ much time.

8) you/ have? _________ any problems when you were on holiday?

2. What do you say in these situations?

1) Ann is going on holiday. What do you say to her before she goes?

Have a nice holiday!

2) You meet Claire at the airport. She has just got off her plane. Ask her about the flight.

Did you have a good flight?

3) Tom is going on a long journey. What do you say to him before he leaves?

___________________________________________________________

4) It’s Monday morning. You are at work. Ask Paula about her weekend.

___________________________________________________________

5) Paul has just come home after playing tennis with a friend. Ask him about the game.

___________________________________________________________

6) Rachel is going out for a meal tonight. What do you say to her before she goes?

____________________________________________________________

3. Complete the sentences. Use have / had and choose from the list.

an accident, a glass of water, a look, a walk, a party, something to eat

1) We __________ a few weeks ago. We invited fifty people.

2) “Shall we _________?” “No, I’m not hungry.”

3) I was thirsty, so I _________.

4) I like to get up early and _________ before breakfast.

5) Tina is a very good driver. She has never _________.

6) There’s something wrong with the engine of my car. Can you _________ at it?

I / mehe / himthey / them etc.

A people subject I we you he she they

object me us you him her them

subject object

I know Ann. Ann knows me.

We know Ann. Ann knows us.

You know Ann. Ann knows you.

He knows Ann. Ann knows him.

She knows Ann. Ann knows her.

They know Ann. Ann knows them.

B things subject it they

object it them

• I don’t want this book. You can have it.

• I don’t want these books. You can have them.

• Diane never drinks milk. She doesn’t like it.

• I never go to parties. I don’t like them.

C We use me / her / them etc. (object) after a preposition (for/ to/ with etc.)

• This letter isn’t for me. It’s for you.

• Who is that woman? Why are you looking at her?

• We’re going to the cinema. Do you want to come with us?

• Sue and Kevin are going to the cinema. Do you want to go with them?

• “Where’s the newspaper?” “You’re sitting on it.”

give it/ them to …:

• I want that book. Please give it to me.

• Robert wants these books. Can you give them to him, please?

Exercises.

1. Finish the sentences with him / her / them.

1) I don’t know those girls. Do you know ________________?

2) I don’t know that man? Do you know ________________?

3) I don’t know those people? Do you know ________________?

4) I don’t know David’s wife? Do you know ________________?

5) I don’t know Mr. Stevens. Do you know ________________?

6) I don’t know Sarah’s parents. Do you know ________________?

7) I don’t know the woman with the black coat. Do you know ________________?

2. Complete the sentences. Use I / me / you / she / her etc.

1) I want to see her but she doesn’t want to see me.

2) They want to see me but ___________ don’t want to see _______.

3) She wants to see him but ___________ doesn’t want to see _______.

4) We want to see them but ___________ don’t want to see _______.

5) He wants to see us but _____________ don’t want to see _______.

6) They want to see her but ____________ doesn’t want to see _______.

7) I want to see them but ______________ don’t want to see _______.

8) You want to see her but _______________ doesn’t want to see _______.

3. Write sentences beginning I like … I don’t like … or Do you like …?

1) I don’t eat tomatoes. I don’t like ________.

2) George is a very nice man. I like ________.

3) This jacket isn’t very nice. I don’t __________.

4) This is my new car. Do _____________________?

5) Mrs. Clark is not very friendly. I _________________.

6) These are my new shoes. ___________________?

4. Complete the sentences. Use I / me / he / him etc.

1) Who is that woman? Why are you looking at _____?

2) “Do you know that man?” “Yes, I work with _____.”

3) Where are the tickets? I can’t find _____.

4) I can’t find my keys. Where are _____?

5) We’re going out. You can come with _____.

6) Margaret likes music. _____ plays the piano.

7) I don’t like dogs. I’m afraid of _____.

8) I’m talking to you. Please listen to _____.

9) Where is Ann? I want to talk to _____.

10) My brother has a new job. _____ doesn’t like _____ very much.

5. Complete the sentences.

1) I want that book. Can you give _____ to _____?

2) He wants the keys. Can you give __________________?

3) She wants the keys. Can you _____________________?

4) I want that letter. Can you _______________________?

5) They want the money. Can you ______________________?

6) We want the photographs. Can you ___________________?

my / his / their etc.

A I → my I like my job.

We → our We like our jobs.

You → your You like your job.

He → his He likes his job.

She → her She likes her job.

They → their They like their jobs.

It → its Oxford (= it) is famous for its university.

Exercises.

1. Finish these sentences.

1) I’m going to wash ___ hands. 4) He’s going to wash __________.

2) She’s going to wash ___________. 5) They’re going to was _________.

3) We’re going to wash ___________. 6) Are you going to wash ________?

2. Finish these sentences.

1) He lives with his parents. 5) I _______________ parents.

2) They live with ____ parents. 6) John ____________________.

3) We ______________parents. 7) Do you live ______________?

4) Julia lives _______________. 8) Most children ______________.

3. Complete the sentences with his / her / their.

1) I saw Liz with _____ husband, Philip.

2) I saw Ann and Ted with _____ children.

3) I saw Ted with _____ wife, Ann.

4) I saw George with _____ brother, Bill.

5) I saw Ann with _____ brother, Bill.

6) I saw Liz and Philip with _____ son, Bill.

7) I saw Ann with _____ parents.

8) I saw Diana and Robert with _____ parents.

4. Put in my / our / your / his / her / their / its.

1) Do you like _____ job?

2) I know Mr. Watson but I don’t know _____ wife.

3) Mr. and Mrs. Baker live in London. _____ son lives in Australia.

4) We’re going to have a party. We’re going to invite all _____ friends.

5) Ann is going out with _____ friends this evening.

6) I like tennis. It’s _____ favourite sport.

7) “Is that ____ car?” “No, I haven’t got a car.”

8) I want to phone Ann. Do you know _____ phone number?

9) Do you think most people are happy in _____ jobs?

10) I’m going to wash _____ hair before I go out.

11) This is a beautiful tree. _____ leaves are a beautiful colour.

12) John has a brother and a sister. _____ brother is 25 and _____ sister is 21.

5. Complete the sentences. Use my / his / their etc. with one of these words:

coat, homework, house, husband, job, key, name

1) Jim doesn’t enjoy __________. It’s not very interesting.

2) I can’t open the door. I haven’t got _________.

3) Sally is married. _________ works in a bank.

4) It’s very cold today. Put on _________ when you go out.

5) “What are the children doing?” “They are doing _________.”

6) “Do you know that man?” “Yes, but I don’t know _________.”

7) We live in Barton Street. _________ is at the end on the left.

Whose is this? It’s mine / yours / hers etc.

A I → my → mine It’s my money. It’s mine.

We → our → ours It’s our money. It’s ours.

You → your → yours It’s your money. It’s your.

He → his → his It’s his money. It’s his.

She → her → hers It’s her money. It’s hers.

They → their → theirs It’s their money. It’s theirs.

B We use my / your etc. + a noun (my hands/ your book etc.):

• My hands are cold.

• Is this your book?

• Ann gave me her umbrella.

• It’s their problem, not our problem.

We use mine / yours etc. without a noun:

• Is this book mine or yours?

• I didn’t have an umbrella, so Ann gave me hers.

• It’s their problem, not ours.

• We went in our car and they went in theirs.

You can use his with or without a noun:

• “Is this his camera or hers?” “It’s his.”

C a friend of mine / a friend of his / some friends of yours etc.

• I went out to meet a friend of mine.

• Tom was with a friend of his.

• Are those people friends of yours.

D Whose …?

• Whose book is this? (= Is it your book? his book? my book? etc.)

You can use whose with or without a noun:

• Whose money is this?/ Whose is this? It’s mine.

• Whose shoes are these?/ Whose are these? They’re John’s.

Exercises.

1. Finish the sentences with mine / yours etc.

1) It’s your money. It’s _______ 5) It’s their house. It’s _______

2) It’s my bag. It’s _______ 6) They’re your books. They’re _______

3) It’s our car. It’s _______ 7) They’re my glasses. They’re _______

4) They’re her shoes. They’re _____ 8) It’s his coat. It’s _______

2. Choose the right word.

1) It’s their/ theirs problem, not our/ ours.

2) This is a nice camera. Is it your/ yours?

3) That’s not my/ mine umbrella. My/ mine is black.

4) Whose books are these? Your/ yours or my/ mine?

5) Catherine is going out with her/ hers friends this evening.

6) My/ mine room is bigger than her/ hers.

7) They’ve got two children but I don’t know their/ theirs names.

8) Can we use your washing machine? Our/ ours is broken.

3. Finish sentences. Use friend(s) of mine / yours etc.

1) I went to the cinema with a _______________________________

2) They went on holiday with some ___________________________

3) She’s going out with a frien

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