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A a little water a few books
(a) little + uncountable noun: (a) few + plural noun:
(a) little water (a) little money (a) few books (a) few questions
(a) little time (a) little soup (a) few people (a) few days
B
| a little = some but not much • She didn’t eat anything but she drank a little water. • I speak a little Spanish. (= some Spanish but not much) • A: Can you speak Spanish? B: A little. | a few = some but not many • Last night I wrote a few letters. • We’re going away for a few days. • I speak a few words of Spanish. • A: Are there any shops in the village? B: Yes, a few. |
C
| little (without ‘a’) = nearly no … or nearly nothing: • There was little food in the fridge. It was nearly empty. You can say very little: • Dan is very thin because he eats very little. (= nearly nothing) | few (without ‘a’) = nearly no …: • There were few people in the park. It was nearly empty. You can say very fe w: • Your English is very correct. You make very few mistakes. |
D
| little and a little: a little is a positive idea: • They have a little money, so they’re not poor. (= they have some money) little is a negative idea: • They have little money. They are very poor. (= nearly no money) | few and a few: a few is a positive idea: • I’ve got a few friends, so I’m not lonely. (= I’ve got some friends) few is a negative idea • I’m sad and I’m lonely. I’ve got few friends. (= nearly no friends) |
Exercises.
1. Answer the questions with a little and a few.
1) “Have you got any money?” Yes, _________________
2) “Have you got any envelopes?” Yes, _________________
3) “Do you want sugar in your coffee?” Yes, __________, please.
4) “Did you take any photographs when you were on holiday?” Yes, _________
5) “Does your friend speak English?” Yes, _________________
6) “Are there any factories in this town?” Yes, _________________
2. Put in a little or a few + one of these words:
air/ chair/ days/ friends/ letters/ milk/ Russian/ times
1) Last night I wrote ____________ to my family and friends.
2) Can I have ____________ in my coffee, please?
3) “When did Julia go away?” “_____________ ago.”
4) “Do you speak any foreign languages?” “I can speak ____________”
5) “Are you going out alone?” “No, I’m going with ____________”
6) “Have you ever been to Rome?” “Yes, ____________”
7) There wasn’t much furniture in the room – just a table and ____________
8) I’m going out for a walk. I need __________ fresh ____________
3. Complete the sentences. Use very little or very few + one of these words:
coffee/ hotels/ mistakes/ people/ rain/ time/ work
1) Your English is very good. You make very few mistakes.
2) I drink _______________. I don’t like it.
3) The weather here is very dry in summer. There is _______________
4) It’s difficult to find a place to stay in this town. There are _______________
5) We must hurry. We’ve got ___________________
6) The town is very quiet at night. ______________________ go out.
7) Some people in the office are very lazy. They do ____________
4. Put in little/ a little/ few/ a few.
1) There was _______ food in the fridge. It was nearly empty.
2) “When did Sarah go out?” “_______ minutes ago.”
3) I can’t decide now. I need _______ time to think about it.
4) There was _______ traffic, so we arrived earlier than we expected.
5) The bus service isn’t very good at night – there are ____ buses after 9 o’clock.
6) “Would you like some soup?” “Yes, _______, please.”
7) I’d like to practice my English more but I have _______ opportunity.
5. Right or wrong? Correct the sentences where necessary. Write OK if the sentence is correct.
1) We’re going away for few days next week. ____________
2) Everybody needs little luck. ____________
3) I can’t talk to you now – I’ve got few things to do. ____________
4) I eat very little meat – I don’t like it very much. ____________
5) Excuse me, can I ask you few questions? ____________
6) There were little people on the bus – it was nearly empty. ____________
old/ nice/ interesting etc. (adjectives)
A adjective + noun (nice day/ blue eyes etc.)
adjective + noun
It’s a nice day today.
Laura has got brown eyes.
There’s a very old bridge in this village.
Do you like Italian food?
I don’t speak any foreign languages.
There are some beautiful yellow flowers in the garden.
The adjective is before the noun:
• They live in a modern house.
• Have you met any famous people?
The ending of an adjective is always the same:
a different place different places
B be (am/ is/ was etc.) + adjective
• The weather is nice today.
• These flowers are very beautiful.
• Are you cold? Shall I close the window?
• I’m hungry. Can I have something to eat?
• The film wasn’t very good. It was boring.
• Please be quiet. I’m reading.
C look/ feel/ smell/ taste/ sound + adjective
• “You look tired.” “Yes, I feel tired.”
• George told me about his new job. It sounds very interesting.
• Don’t cook that meat. It doesn’t smell good.
Compare:
is are is
He feels tired. │ They look American.│ It smells good.│
looks sound tastes
Exercises.
1. Put the words in the right order.
1) new/ live in/ house/ they/ a _________________________
2) like/ jacket/ I/ that/ green _________________________
3) music/ like/ do/ classical/ you? _________________________
4) had/ wonderful/ a/ I/ holiday _________________________
5) went to/ restaurant/ a/ Chinese/ we _________________________
2. The words in the box are adjectives (black/ foreign etc.) or nouns (air/ job etc.). Use an adjective and a noun to complete each sentence.
air/ clouds/ foreign/ holiday/ job/ languages/ sharp/ black
dangerous/ fresh/ hot/ knife/ long/ water
1) Do you speak any _________________________________?
2) Look at those ___________________________. It’s going to rain.
3) Sue works very hard and she’s very tired. She needs a ________________
4) I want to have a bath but there’s no _____________________________
5) Can you open the window? We need some ________________________
6) I need a _____________________ to cut these onions.
7) Fire-fighting is a ____________________________________________
3. A and B don’t agree. Complete B’s sentences. Use the word in brackets.
A B
1) You look tired. Do I? I don’t feel tired? (feel)
2) This is a new coat. Is it? It ____________________ (look)
3) I’m American. Are you? You _______________ (sound)
4) You look cold. Do I? I _____________________ (feel)
5) These bags are heavy. Are they? They ______________ (look)
6) That soup looks good. Does it? It __________________ (taste)
quickly/ badly/ suddenly etc. (adverbs)
A He ate his dinner very quickly. Suddenly the shelf fell down.
Quickly and suddenly are adverbs.
adjective + -ly → adverb:
adjective quick bad sudden careful heavy easy
adverb quickly badly suddenly carefully heavily easily
B Adverbs tell you how something happens or how somebody does something.
• The train stopped suddenly.
• I opened the door slowly.
• Please listen carefully.
• I understand you perfectly.
Compare:
| adjective • Sue is very quiet. • Be careful! • It was a bad game. • I feel nervous. (= I am nervous) | adverb • Sue speaks very quietly. • Listen carefully! • Our team played badly. • I waited nervously. |
C hard fast late early These words are adjectives and adverbs:
| • Sue’s job is very hard. • Ben is a fast runner. • The bus was late/ early. | • Sue works very hard. (not ‘hardly’) • Ben can runfast. • I went to bed late/ early. |
Dgood (adjective) → well (adverb)
| • Your English is very good. • It was a good game. | • You speak English very well. (not ‘very good’) • Our team played well. |
But well is also an adjective (= not ill, in good health):
• “How are you?” “I’m very well, thank you. And you?”
Exercises.
1. Choose a verb (box A) + an adverb (box B) to complete the sentences.
A + B
| come/ know/ sleep/ win/ explain/ listen/ think/ work | carefully/ clearly/ hard/ well/ carefully/ easily/ quickly/ well |
1) I’m going to tell you something very important, so please __________________
2) Ann! I need you help. ______________________________!
3) They _______________. At the end of the day they’re always tired.
4) I’m tired this morning. I didn’t _______________________ last night.
5) You’re a much better tennis player than me. When we play, you always ______
6) ____________________ before you answer the question.
7) I’ve met Alice a few times but I don’t _________ her very ______________
8) Our teacher isn’t very good. Sometimes he doesn’t ______ things very _______
2. Which is right?
1) Don’t eat so quick/ quickly. It’s not good for you. ‘quickly’ is right
2) Why are you angry/ angrily? I haven’t done anything.
3) Can you speak slow/ slowly, please?
4) Come on, Dave! Why are you always so slow/ slowly?
5) Bill is a very careful/ carefully driver.
6) Jane is studying hard/ hardly for her examinations.
7) “Where’s Diane?” “She was here but she left sudden/ suddenly.”
8) Please be quiet/ quietly. I’m studying.
9) Some companies pay their workers very bad/ badly.
10) Those oranges look nice/ nicely. Can I have one?
3. Put in good or well.
1) Your English is very _______. You speak English very well.
2) Jackie did very _______ in her exams.
3) The party was very _______. I enjoyed it very much.
4) Martin has a difficult job but he does it _______
5) How are you parents? Are they _______?
6) Did you have a _______ holiday? Was the weather _______?
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