Формы инфинитива

Инфинитив может выполнять функции:

— подлежащего (It is useless to discuss this question);

— обстоятельства цели (Laws were not made to be broken);

— определения (Forget it. It isn’t worth to worry about);

— дополнения (She had learned to dance at this school);

— части сказуемого (The cabin was not easy to find).

Инфинитив всегда употребляется после:

— глаголов afford, agree, arrange, begin, decide, expect, hope, intend, learn, manage, offer, need, plan, pretend, promise, propose, refuse, seem, start, threaten, want, would like/love, would prefer, regret, remember, try, forget, allow, ask, command, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, hate, help, invite, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, reach, tell, want, warn: My sister want to study literature.

— прилагательных anxious, boring, dangerous, hard, eager, easy, good, strange, pleased, prepared, ready, able, usual, common, difficult: It is dangerous to drive in this weather.

Герундий и инфинитив употребляются после:

—глаголов start, begin, continue (без изменения значения)

My brother started to learn the gitar two years ago.

— после глаголов like, love, hate, prefer с небольшой разницей в значении I like swimming. (в целом) / I like to swim every day when I’m on holiday (в определенной ситуации);

— после глаголов forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try с полным изменением значения:

I’ll never forget meeting Mr. President (Я всегда буду помнить об этом) / I forgot to post Mum’s letter (Мне следовало это сделать, но я не сделал);

I regret to inform you that you’ve failed the test (Мне жаль говорить тебе это) / My sister regrets leaving school (Она сожалеет, что сделала это).

Practice:

1. Перестройте предложения, используя герундий в качестве подлежащего:

Model: It is very relaxing to listen to music. → Listening to music is very relaxing.

1. It is difficult to speak another language well.

2. One of my favourite things is to go shopping.

3. It is illegal to drive a car when you are 15.

4. It is a good idea to talk about things that worry you.

2. Выберите инфинитив или герундий в следующих предложениях:

He gave up to smoke/smoking.

I don’t want to go/going out tonight. I am too tired.

Don’t forget to lock/locking the door before to go/going to bed.

I must remember to go/going to the dentist on Wednesday.

Everybody helped to clean/cleaning up after the party.

I have finished to decorate/decorating the house.

3. Закончите предложения, выражая свою точку зрения:

1. I’m really interested in ….

2. I’m looking forward to ….

3. … is something that makes me nervous.

4. … is one of my favourite things to do at the weekend.

4. Ответьте на вопросы, пользуясь словами в скобках. Используйте инфинитив в качестве обстоятельства цели, подчеркните его в предложении.

Model: Why do you wear glasses? (show/I/ serious)

I wear glasses to show I am serious.

1. Why did she do to the library? (borrow/some/books)

2. Why did John write the letter? (remind/Ben/about/his/promise)

3. Why is Barbara putting her house on fire? (get/her/insurance)

4. Why are you driving so fast? (arrive/in/my/office/on/time)

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