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Choose the correct form of the verbs
1. Why did you walk all the way from the station? You could phone/could have phoned for a lift.
2. I loved staying with my grandparents when I was a child. They let me read all the books in the house and told me I could/was able to go to bed as late as I wanted.
3. This carpet was priced at £500, but I could/was able to get a discount because of this little mark in the corner.
4. I couldn't have found/haven't been able to find my diary for days. It's terribly inconvenient.
5. As soon as she opened the door I could/was able to see from her face that something terrible had happened.
6. I've no idea where my brother is living now. He can/could be at the North Pole for all I know.
7. It's difficult to understand how explorers survive the conditions they encounter in the Antarctic. I'm sure I can't/couldn't.
8. Why did I listen to you? I can be/could have been at home by now instead of sitting here in the cold.
9. The day started off misty, but by the time we had reached the mountain the sun had appeared and we could/were able to climb it quite quickly.
5. Answer the following questions with suitable suggestions, using may (or might) and the words in brackets.
1 terry: Why is John wearing sunglasses? It's not sunny.
YOU: (have some problem with his eyes)... He may have some problem with his
eyes.....
2 jill: Why didn't Jane come to the party last night?
you: (have a row with her boyfriend).. She might have had a row with her
boyfriend...
3 sue: Why is Alan in such a bad mood today?
you: (sleep badly last night)...........................................................................
4 roy: Why is Shelley looking under the desk?
you: (drop something)....................................................................................
5 jill: Where can I have put my bag?
you: (be under the bed)................................................................................
6 zoe: Why hasn't anybody said 'Happy Birthday' to me?
you: (plan a surprise)...................................................................................
7 tim: Why does Henry look so miserable?
you: (have some bad news).........................................................................
8 ella: Why isn't Sophie in the office today?
you:(work at home)....................................................................................
9 john: Why didn't Rosemary come to the cinema last night?
you: (feel tired)............................................................................................
6. Look at these pieces of advice and complete the sentences explaining why the advice should be followed. Use may or might.
1. You should reserve a seat on the train when you travel on bank holidays.
If you don't, you may have to stand up for the whole journey.
2. You'd better not carry that heavy suitcase.
If you do, you might injure your back.
3. You should carry a map when you visit London.
If you don't,.......................................................................................................
4. You should check the timetable before you leave for the station.
If you don't,......................................................................................................
5. You ought not to eat too many cream cakes.
If you do,..........................................................................................................
6. You'd better invite your grandmother to your wedding.
If you don't,....................................................................................................
7. You should have your car serviced regularly.
If you don't,....................................................................................................
8. You shouldn't go to a party the night before your exam.
If you do,........................................................................................................
9. You ought to arrive punctually for work.
If you don't,.................................................................................................
10. You should eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables.
If you don't,................................................................................................
7. Choose the correct form of the verbs.
1. You must be / can't be very proud of your son winning so many prizes.
2. We thought our cousins would visit us when they were in town last week, but they didn't even phone. I suppose they must be / must have been too busy.
3. The film has been such a big success I guess it must be / can't be easy to get tickets to see it.
4. I'm sure you could mend this if you really tried. You must be / can't be using the right tools.
5. I've just rung the garage to check whether they've fixed my car, but I can't get an answer. I suppose they may have / may be having a tea-break out in the yard.
6. I don't know why you wanted to stay at that party. You might have enjoyed / can't have enjoyed talking to all those boring people.
7. I can't go out this morning. We're getting a new sofa and the store may be delivering / must be delivering it today.
8. You'll have to check these figures again. They're not accurate. You might have been concentrating / can't have been concentrating when you added them up.
9. You must be / must have been thirsty after carrying those heavy boxes. Shall I make some tea?
8. Complete the conversations with suitable verbs.
1. juan: Maria says her father's a farmer.
paul: But he can't be! They live in the middle of Madrid.
2. jane: Oh, no. This carrier bag's split.
kate: You must have put too much in it. They're not very strong, you know.
3. mark: Nigel says he met your sister in Berlin.
amy: But he can't........................................ her there! She's never been to Germany.
4. jim: Where can I find out about visas for the US?
joe: Pia might............................................................. about that sort of thing. She used to work in a travel agency.
5. gary: This letter says you owe the bank £5,000.
philip: It must....................................................... a mistake. I don't even have a bank account.
6. sue: Shall we go to the concert?
beth: I'd like to, but you'd better phone first. They may................................ all the tickets.
7. bert: Do you know where my address book is?
may: It could............................. in the hall cupboard. I think I saw it there the other day.
8. dave: Why didn't Sally come to work in her car today?
tony: She didn't say. She could.......................................................... it to her sister, I suppose.
9. Complete the answers to the following questions. Use must, can't or might with any other words you need.
1. tony: Can that be James phoning at this hour? It's gone midnight!
you: It might be him. He said he'd phone if he passed his exam.
2. sally: Who's that going into the shop?
you: It must be the cleaners. They always do the floors before we open.
3. bill: Is that your sister's fur coat?
YOU: It...................................................................... She never wears real fur.
4. clive: I can't remember where I put my briefcase.
you: It....................................................................... You often leave it there.
5. dina: Where did Adam get that new guitar? He hasn't got any money.
you: It........................................................ After all, it was his birthday last week.
6. eddy: Why did Moira ignore me at the party last night?
you: She......................................................... She wasn't wearing her glasses.
7. fred: Do you think Cindy told the boss I left work early yesterday?
you: She............................................................... She left early yesterday too.
8. heidi: Who was that man leaving the library? It looked like Peter.
you: It..................................................... They are so alike that people sometimes mistake them for one another.
heidi: Are you sure? I really thought it was Peter.
you: It............................................................................ He's in hospital.
10. Write a sentence for each of these situations using must/can't/may/might (have).
1. Yesterday was payday. I don't believe you're short of money already. You can't have spent all your pay already. 2. It was Linda's suggestion to go for a meal. Surely she doesn't think I'm going to pay for it all?
She can’t think I’m going to pay for it all.
3. George has been engaged to Kay for three months. Today he received a box with the engagement ring in it and all his letters to her.
Kay.......................................................................................................................
4. When Tina got back home, she couldn't find her purse. Perhaps a pickpocket stole it.
A pickpocket.........................................................................................................
5. Isobel said she was short of money, but she's just moved into a new flat! Her uncle owns property in this area.
She........................................................................................................................
6. This parcel is making a ticking noise - throw it out of the window! I'm sure it's a bomb.
It..........................................................................................................................!
7. I don't know who would send me an alarm clock for a present. My brother sometimes plays practical jokes on people, so perhaps it's from him.
It...........................................................................................................................
8. Anna's always such a punctual person. The meeting started half an hour ago but she's not here. I know the traffic's very bad this morning.
She...................................................................................................................... 11. In some of the following sentences, should can be replaced by had better. Which ones are they? Write the new sentence, or write no change.
1. You should always lock the front door when you go out. NO CHANGE
2. I should leave now, or I'll miss my bus. I’d better leave now.
3. I don't think people should keep pets if they don't have time to care for them properly.
4. If you want to take photos while we're going round the museum, you should ask permission. We don't want to get into trouble............................................................................................
5. Can you buy me some stamps when you go out? There should be some change in my purse if you haven't got enough money..............................................................................................
6. I realise you must be surprised to find us here. Perhaps I should explain what's going on.
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7. They shouldn't go sailing today. The sea's rough and it might be dangerous.
8 People really shouldn't smoke when there are children around. It's such a bad example to them.
12. Complete the comment at the end of each sentence.
a) Pay no attention to what Martin said. He can't have been serious.
b) Fancy accepting the job just like that! You......................... asked me first.
c) The test was no problem at all. It......................... easier, in fact!
d) I'm sure Jack didn't mean to ignore you. He......................... noticed you
e) That was a lucky escape! We......................... killed!
f) Hello, I'm home early. I.................... late at the office after all.
g) The meat is a bit burnt. You........................ cooked it for so long. I did tell
h) There were plenty of tickets left for the concert.We......................... them in
advance.
i) Sally got home at four o'clock this morning. The party......................... really
good!
j) This homework is not as good as usual. I think you......................... more-time on it.
13. Put one suitable word in each space. Words with ‘ n’t’ count as one word.
a) I could have become a millionaire, but I decided not to.
b) You.................... have been here when Helen told the boss not to be so la/v!
c) Peter wasn't here then, so he.................... have broken your vase.
d) I.................... have bought that car, but I decided to look at a few others.
e) If you felt lonely, you.................... have given me a ring.
f) Don't take a risk like that again! We.................... have lost because of you.
g) It's been more than a week! You.................... have some news by now!
h) We were glad to help. We.................... have just stood by and done nothing.
i) You really.................... have gone to so much trouble!
j) I.................... have thought that it was rather difficult.
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