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1. Если ее не будет завтра дома, позвони мне после 7 часов. 2. Если у него будет время, он придет к нам. 3. Как только он вернется домой, он приготовит ужин. 4. Что твоя мама будет делать, когда она придет домой? 5. Позвони мне, как только ты туда приедешь. 6. Она приготовит тебе чашечку кофе, когда ты придешь. 7. Если она не знает об этом, она не пойдет к нему. 8. Я поеду в Варшаву на будущей неделе. 9. Я хочу закончить это письмо к 5 часам. 10. Он не пойдет в ресторан сегодня вечером. 11. Мы начнем, как только Саша будет готов. 12. Мама испечет торт, когда она придет домой. 13. Если он не пойдет в ресторан, он будет дома. 14. Мы будем дома завтра. 15. Если мы будем дома завтра, мы посмотрим эту программу по телевизору. 16. Когда вы ответите на мой вопрос? 17. Я поеду на море, как только моя дочь сдаст экзамены. 18. Я увижу завтра его снова, если он придет. 19. Я не увижу его, если он не придет.
20. Он не даст тебе шоколад, если ты будешь плохо себя вести. 21. Отдай письмо Тому, как только ты его увидишь. 22. Он не расскажет тебе эту смешную историю, если ты не придешь сегодня вечером. 23. Мы поедем завтра за город, если будет хорошая погода. 24. Я не пойду к тебе сегодня, если у меня будет много работы. 25. Мы будем свободны к пяти, если мы начнем работать сразу.
26. Теперь, я думаю, вы легко найдете наш дом, и, если вы поедете на метро, через 10 минут вы будете здесь. 27. Когда я поеду в Париж, я позвоню вам.
28. Когда он окончит школу, он будет работать в этом ресторане. 29. Где она будет работать, когда окончит университет? 30. Завтра я буду работать весь вечер. 31. Мы встретим их, когда они будут идти в институт. 32. Когда я приду сюда, мои дети будут играть. 33. Завтра в пять мы будем печь торт с клубникой, если хочешь, приходи. 34. Когда мы приедем в школу, они будут делать контрольную работу. 35. Я буду гулять в парке с 7 до 8 часов. 36. Она будет делать уроки в 8 часов? 37. Мы не будем играть в шахматы весь вечер. 38. Она говорит, что они будут ждать тебя в семь. 39. Она будет писать письмо, пока ты будешь подметать пол. 40. Что ты будешь делать завтра в 6 часов? 41. Когда ты придешь, я буду читать книгу. 42. Что она будет делать, когда завтра я приду домой? 43. Мы не пойдем в кино завтра. У нас будет мало времени. 44. Твой сын пойдет завтра в школу? - Нет, он не пойдет завтра в школу, у него температура. 45. Не приходите ко мне завтра. Я буду делать уроки целый вечер. 46. Она позвонит? 47. Куда ты поедешь летом? 48. Что твоя мама будет делать завтра в 7 вечера? - Она будет смотреть телевизор. 49. Твоя жена будет готовить ужин, когда мы приедем завтра? 50. Ты придешь к пяти? 51. К октябрю мы уже сдадим все экзамены. 52. Через 3 года я уже перееду в Лондон, и у меня все будет хорошо. 53. Он еще не подпишет контракт до семи. Ему нужно подумать. 54. Ты уже починишь мои часы к пятнице? 55. К лету мы все уже продадим. 56. Он уже уедет к 2 часам. 57. К следующему месяцу он закончит свою работу. 58. К концу недели мы уже решим эту проблему. 59. К 28 декабря мы уже будем вместе 3 года. 60. Яуеду из Москвы, как только закончу перевод. 61. Он не позвонит тебе, пока я не поговорю с тобой. 62. Как только я приду домой, я позвоню тебе. 63. Как только ты получишь письмо, звони. 64. Когда ты придешь, мы уже закончим готовить ужин. 65. Я уже приду домой к 6 часам. 66. Она напишет письма к 10 часам утра. 67. Они закончат уборку квартиры до 7 вечера. 68. Когда ты сделаешь домашнее задание, позвони мне. 69. К весне мы уже переедем на новую квартиру. 70. Моя сестра еще не приготовит ужин, к тому времени как ты придешь. 71. Сколько страниц ты прочитаешь к 5 часам? 72. Завтра в семь мы будем переводить это письмо. 73. Вы просмотрите мою работу к завтрашнему дню. 74. К тому времени, как он позвонит, мы уже уйдем. 75. Они еще не посмотрят этот фильм к 3 часам.
UNIT 3
Past time
Explanations
Basic contrasts: past simple and past continuous
1. Past Simple generally refers to:
Completed actions
I got up, switched off the radio, and sat down again.
Habits
Every dayI went to the park.
States
In those days,I didn't like reading.
2. Past Continuous (progressive) generally refersto:
Actions in progress (often interrupted by events)
I was drinking my coffee at the time.
While I was opening the letter, the phone rang.
Background description in narrative
I entered the office and looked around. Most people were working at their desks, but Jane was staring out the window and pretending to write something at the same time.
Changing states
The car was getting worse all the time.One of the headlights was gradually falling off, and the engine was making more and more funny noises.
Repeated actions - criticism
With a frequency adverb, this use is similar to the use of Present Continuous to express annoyance.
When Jane was at school, she was always losing things. 3. Past Continuous is not used to describe general habitual actions, without the sense of criticism mentioned above. Past Simple is used for this meaning. When I lived in London, I walked through the park every day.
Past Perfect Simple and Continuous 1. Past Perfect tenses in general refer to:
An event in the past which happens before another event in the past, where there is no time expression to make this clear.
By the time I got to the station, the train had left.
Compare this with:
The train left five minutes before I got to the station.
In this example, the sequence of events is made clear by before.
2. Past Perfect Continuous (progressive).
The contrasts between Past Simple and Past Continuous can be made in Past
Perfect tenses for events further back in the past.
I had been living in a bed-sitter up to then.
While I had been talking on the phone, Jimmy had escaped.
The whole place was deserted, but it was obvious that someone had been living there.
They 'd been cooking in the kitchen for a start, and they hadn't bothered to clear up the mess. 3. Past Perfect is also common in indirect speech. 4. Past Perfect is not used simply to describe an event in the distant past. There must be another past event, less far away in the past, with which it contrasts.
Used to and would 1. Used to
This often contrasts with the present. The contrast may be stated or understood.
I used to go swimming a lot (but I don't now).
The negative form is either:
I didn't use to or I used not to (rare for some speakers)
2.Would
This is used to describe repeated actions, not states. It describes a habitual activity which was typical of a person.
Every week he 'd buy his mother a bunch of flowers.
Used to would also be possible here. Compare:
I used to like cowboy films.
Would is not possible here.
Would is more common in written language and often occurs in reminiscences.
Unfulfilled past events 1. These describe events intended to take place, but which did not happen. I was going to phone you, but I forgot. I was thinking of going to Italy this year, but I haven't decided. I was about to do it, but I started doing something else. Jack was to have taken part, but he fell ill. 2. The contrasting past event is often understood.
How are you? I was going to phone you... (but I didn't).
3. Polite forms
These are common with wonder.
I was wondering if you wanted to come to the cinema.
See Units 11 and 12 for comment on this. 4. Contrasts with Present Perfect tenses
Past tenses are also used to express unreal time.
Bull fight took place on the highway in Bhutan
Activities
l. Choose the most suitable words underlined.
a) When you passed the town hall clock, did you notice/were you noticing what time it was?
b) Last night my neighbours were shouting/would shout for hours and I couldn't get to sleep.
c) When you lived in London, did you use to travel/were you travelling by bus?
d) Everyone was having a good time, although not many people danced/were dancing.
e) - Excuse me, but this seat is mine.
- I'm sorry, I didn't realise/hadn't realised that you were sitting here.
f) Jill didn't eat/hadn't eaten all day, so she was really hungry at this point.
g) - Paul has forgotten to book the tickets I'm afraid.
- He was always doing/would do something like that!
h) It took a while for me to notice, but then I did. Everyone stared/was staring at me. What had I done wrong?
i) Nobody bothered to tell me that the school decided/had decided to have a special holiday that Friday.
j) I was trying/tried to get in touch with you all day yesterday. Where were you?
2. Put each verb in brackets into a suitable tense. All sentences refer to past time. Suggest alternative tenses if necessary where the past perfect or another tense might be possible.
a) I realised that someone was stealing (steal) my wallet when I felt (feel) their hand in my jacket pocket.
b) When I.................... (phone) Helen last night she.................... (wash) her hair and she................... (not finish) when I finally.................... (get to) her house.
c) Peter.................... (offer) me another drink but I decided I.................... (drink) enough.
d) Nobody.................... (watch), so the little boy.................... (take) the packet of sweets from the shelf and.................... (put) it in his pocket.
e) I.................... (not realise) that I.................... (leave) my umbrella on the bus until it.................... (start) to rain.
f) At school I.................... (dislike) the maths teacher because he................(always pick) on me.
g) Wherever Marion.................... (find) a job, there was someone who.................... (know) that she.................... (go) to prison.
h) It was only much later I.................... (find out) that during all the time I............... (write) to my penfriend, my mother.................... (open) and reading the replies!
i) I.................... (not understand) what.................... (go on). Several people............... (shout) at me, and one.................... (wave) a newspaper in front of my face.
j) I.................... (know) I.................... (do) well in my exams even before I................ (receive) the official results.
3. Decide whether the tense underlined is suitable or not in the context given. If you decide it is unsuitable, write a correction.
a) The train (1) ground to a halt at a small station miles from London, and it (2) became apparent that the engine (3) had broken down. Everyone (4) was getting their cases down from the luggage racks, and we (5) were waiting on the platform in the freezing wind for hours until the next train (6) had turned up.
1) (suitable)… 4) ……………
2).................... 5)....................
3).................... 6)....................
b) The other strange thing about our neighbour Mrs Black was that she (1) would never go out if it was raining. She (2) used to look up at the sky whenever (3) it was getting cloudy, and as soon as even the smallest drop of rain (4) was falling she (5) had scuttled back into her house and (6) was locking herself in her bedroom!
1).. (suitable)..... 4) …………..
2).................... 5)....................
3).................... 6)....................
c) Inspector Gorse (1) was in touch with Thames Valley Police six months before Professor Dowson (2) was disappearing, because the Professor's wife Jean (3) would write to him, accusing her husband of plotting to murder her. And now it was the Professor who (4) disappeared. Gorse (5) considered what his next step should be when the phone rang. It was Sergeant Adams from Thames Valley. A fisherman (6) discovered a body in the Thames near Reading, and it fitted the description of the Professor.
1).. (had been) … 4)…………..
2).................... 5)....................
3).................... 6)....................
4. Put each verb in brackets into a suitable past tense. Only use the past perfect where this is absolutely necessary.
This time last year I (1) was cycling (cycle) in the rain along a country road in France with a friend of mine. We (2).................... (decide) to go on a cycling holiday in Normandy. Neither of us (3).................... (go) to France before, but we (4)................ (know) some French from our time at school and we (5).................... (manage) to brush up on the basics. Now we 6)................. (wonder) if we (7)................. (make) the right decision. We (8)....................(plan) our route carefully in advance, but we (9).................... (forget) one important thing, the weather. It (10).................... (rain) solidly since our arrival and that night we (11).................... (end up) sleeping in the waiting room at a railway station. Then the next morning as we (12).................... (ride) down a steep hill my bike (13).................... (skid) on the wet road and I (14)................... (fall off). I (15)................. (realise) immediately that I (16).............. (break) my arm, and after a visit to the local hospital I (17).................... (catch) the next train to Calais for the ferry home. Unfortunately my parents (18).................... (not expect) me home for a fortnight, and (19).................... (go) away on holiday. So I (20).................... (spend) a miserable couple of weeks alone, reading Teach Yourself French. 5. Put the verbs in brackets either in Past Indefinite or Past Continuous.
1. He (to sit) in a cafe, when I (to see) him. 2. My friend (to talk) to the teacher, when I (to see) him. 3. When the phone (to ring), they (to have) dinner. 4. The boy (to fall) and (to hurt) himself while he (to ride) his bicycle. 5. She (to wait) for her sister, when I (to see) her. 6. When the pupils (to hear) the bell, they (to get up) and (to leave). 7. When I (to go) out, the sun (to shine). 8. While she (to play) the piano, I (to write) a letter. 9. He (to go) to the University, when I (to meet) her. 10. Our friends (to discuss) something when we (to interrupt) them.11. My mother (to watch) TV, when I (to come) into the room. 12. I haven't seen him since he (to move) to his new flat. 13. When I (to look) out of the window, I (to see) that it (to rain) hard and people (to hurry) along the street. 14. We (to leave) the house, when the telephone (to ring). 15. I (to sit) on the river bank, when my friends (to join) me. 16. When I (to come) up to him, he (to speak) to his friends. 17. We (to meet) her when she (to walk) home. 18. When she (to enter) the room, I (to stand) at the window. 19. When we (to enter) the room he (to smoke and to speak) to his friends. 20. I (to watch) TV, when somebody (to knock) at the door. 21. What you (to do), when I (to ring) you up yesterday? 22. Her son (to cook) dinner, when she (to come) home. 23. She (to water) the flowers, while her husband (to watch) TV. 24. William the Conqueror... (land) in England in 1066. 25. The Scots... (defeat) the English at Bannockburn in 1314. 26. My friend... (come) to see me yesterday. 27. As he... (cross) the road, he slipped and fell. 28. My tooth... (break) when I... (eat) a hazel-nut. 29. He... (stop) when the policeman told him to. 30. As he... (die), he asked for a priest. 31. I told him the joke and he... (laugh). 32. I... (talk) about him when he suddenly came in. 33. He swallowed a fish-bone and... (choke). 34. As he... (eat), he could not answer clearly. 35. I... (have) a bath when the bell rang. 36.He... (start) when he heard the suddennoise. 37. She... (burst) into tears on hearing the tragic news. 38. The aeroplane crashed and then... (explode). 39. He came in while I... (work). 40. He smiled at me in a friendly way when he... (see) me. 41. I noticed him as he... (come) in. 42. While I was talking, she... (interrupt) me. 43. I lost my fountain-pen while I... (garden). 44. At six o'clock yesterday I... (wait) for you at the station.
45. I... (forget) to wind the clock last night. 46. When I came in, the cat... (sleep) in my armchair. 47. When I... (pick) up the teapot, the handle... (come) off. 48. He... (eat) some bread and cheese and helped himself to some more pickles. 49. I... (die) but a clever man saved my life. 50. While I... (clean) the teapot, the spout broke off.
51. What... (you, do) yesterday at this time? 52. Who... (tell) you to come to see me? 53. The Ancient Romans... (eat) large quantities of milk products. 54. As he... (get) off the bus, it started with a jerk. 55. At six o'clock Mr. Smith... (stand) outside the tube station, waiting for a friend. 56. She went into the kitchen and found the milk... (boil) over. 57. She wore a perfume that... (smell) exquisite. 58. I... (know) him quite well when I was young. 59. I want to know who... (give) you that black eye. 60. While I... (look) at it, the top fell off. 61. The cat sprang immediately she... (see) the mouse. 62. He... (sleep) soundly when the burglars broke in.
63. I... (go)to sleep in the middle of his boring tale.
6. In each sentence decide whether one or both of the alternative tenses given are appropriate. a) In those days, I always used to get up/got up early in the morning. (both appropriate)
b) When I got to the cinema Jack had been waiting/was waiting for me.
c) We would always have/were always having breakfast in bed on Sundays.
d) Mary was always falling/always fell ill before important examinations.
e) My sister used to own/would own a motorcycle and sidecar.
f) Pay no attention to Dave's remarks. He wasn't meaning/didn't mean it.
g) I felt awful after lunch. I ate/had eaten too much.
h) Brenda left/had left before I had time to talk to her.
i) The explanation was simple. In 1781 HMS Sovereign on her way back from India had sighted/sighted an empty boat drifting off the African coast.
j) Pauline has changed a lot. She didn't always use to look/wasn't always looking like that.
7. Supply either the Past Perfect Continuous or the Past Continuous of the verb in brackets.
1. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor, he (look) for his pen. 2. When I arrived she (wait) for me. But she looked angry as she (wait) for a very long time. 3. They still (walk) when it started snowing. 4. The children looked tired. They (walk) since early morning. 5. The magnificent car (wait) at the door. It (wait) for two hours. 6. The sun (shine) all day long yesterday. 7. She (cry) for a few minutes more before she could stop; 8. John (drive) the car when the accident happened. 9. The sky (clear) though it (rain) still. 10. The telephone (ring) for a few minutes before somebody picked up the receiver.
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