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Non-segmentable sentences

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  1. a) Mark the sentences T (true), F (false) or DS (doesn’t say).
  2. Choose the correct alternative in each of these sentences. Then match them to the statements a-i about use of tenses.
  3. Complete the sentences with the correct auxiliary (was/wasn’t or were/weren’t)
  4. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in capitals. Give Russian equivalents for the sentences.
  5. Composite sentences as polypredicative constructions. Types and means of connection between parts of composite sentences.
  6. Ex. 11 Scan the text “Sources of law” and pick out the sentences with passive voice constructions. Define the tense and translate the sentences.
  7. Ex. 9. Complete the following sentences using the words and phrases from Ex.4 in their correct form.
  8. Exercise 21 Match each function with the department responsible for it. Make sentences using expressions from the exercise above.
  9. Exercise 5 Complete the following sentences with a suitable word used in one of the three ads above.
  10. Exercise 5 Complete these sentences with the verbs from the box.
  11. I. Match the following parts of the sentences.
  12. II. Translate the following sentences into English.

The system of simple sentences in the contrasted languages is formed by two common opposite poles. The first of them is represented by segmentable sentences and the second by simple nonsegmentable sentences. The latter, consisting of a particle/a combination of particles, a modal word/modal phrase, an interjection/a group of interjections, can not be segmented into smaller syntactic units, i. e. parts of the sentence.

Nonsegmentable sentences in English and Ukrainian may contain some rather vague ties with the antecedent sentence. They include affirmative, negative, declarative, interrogative and incentive non-segmentable sentences. Among them there are emotionally coloured (exclamatory) and emotionally neutral (nonexclamatory) non-segmentable simple sentences.

1. Affirmative non-segmentable sentences in the contrasted languages serve to express the approval of the content in the antecedent sentence. Cf.

"Has she three children then?" — "Yes." (Maugham) "You can seeeven better from here." — "All right. "(Hemingway)

Simple affirmative non-segmentable sentences may often be emphasized by interjections or through doubling of a particle. Cf. "That is in the United States?" "Yes. Oh yes. "(Greene) "Doyou love me?" "Uh, huh. "

(Hemingway)

2. Negative non-segmentable sentences serve to express disagreement with the statement/suggestion contained in the antecedent sentence. An ordinary /non-emphatic negation is usually expressed in Englishthrough the pronominal particle "no " and in Ukrainian — through the particle "ні":

"Scared of the dark, too, kid?" 'Wo."(Steinbeck) "What'd he cop, malaria?"-' No. " (F. Hardy)

Emphatic negative meanings in this type of sentences are often expressedin English through doubling of the pronominal particle "no " and through the phrase negation not at all, whereas in Ukrainian apartfrom "ні" some other negative composite particles are used (та ні, зо-всім ні, де там — ні): "I'm just terrible to him". "Oh, no, no, no... "(Parker) "Are you

very angry with me?" "No. Not at all. " (Maugham)

Non-segmentable may be in English and Ukrainian infinite rows of negative particles preceding or following a noun, as in the humorous English song about John: "Will you kiss me? Yes or no? " "Oh, no,

John, no, John, no, John, no. "

3. Interrogative non-segmentable sentences are formed by the particle "yes " (less often "no") and some interjections: "I got a cable this morningfrom my wife." — "Yes?" (Greene) "I congratulate you."— "Eh?" (Christie)

"Monsieur would not let me replace the top." — "No?" (Hemingway)

4. Non-segmentable sentences are often used to express some modalmeanings (certainty, one's will, consent, warning, etc.): "You can have it tonight." "Right?" (Wi

 


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