Fill in the gaps in the text below with the appropriate words from the box

In the late 18th century, social commentators began to … penal practices they considered brutal and unnecessary. Many of these philosophers condemned the use of…, initiating a debate that has continued to modern times. During the 19th century, legal reformers in England and the United States helped enact laws limiting the death penalty to the most … crimes. Shortly after World War II (1939-1945), many countries in Western Europe, beginning with Italy and Germany, …capital punishment. Britain, Canada, and Australia followed suit. A similar abolition movement coincided with the breakup of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1991, when several nations in Eastern Europe eliminated capital punishment. The use of the death penalty has become increasingly…, especially in the United States and Japan, the only industrialized democracies that continue to … capital punishment.

6. Translate into Ukrainian:

Göring’s Death Sentence

German field marshal Hermann Göring, second only to dictator Adolf Hitler in the National Socialist (Nazi) government, stands trial before the International Military Tribunal, held in Nürnberg, Germany, in 1945 and 1946. Göring was convicted of all the charges brought against him and sentenced to death by hanging. He committed suicide hours before his scheduled execution on October 15, 1946.

III.PRACTICE AND EXPERIENCE

Find the information on different views on death penalty and give your own reasons FOR and AGAINST it. Key words below may help you.

Key words: to support, to defend, to revenge, retribution, to punish, (in)effective, to argue against, to maintain human dignity, brutal, alternative punishment, to threat, to (dis)agree, to oppose.

2. What are capital offenses? Name all the crimes that deserve death penalty as a punishment.

3. Capital punishment has been executed in different ways. Here is the list of methods. Divide them into out-dated and still used: electrocution, stoning, beheading, shooting, gassing, hanging, crucifixion, drowning, impaling and lethal injection. Why have the methods changed?

4. Name different types of punishment and present your own view: which punishment fit the following crimes:

- rape

- drug-trafficking

- pick-pocketing

- homicide

- hooliganism

- bribery

- bigamism

- speeding

JUSTICE or INJUSTICE? World War II was the bloodiest period of the human history. Massive killing occurred as the resolution of war. Here are some acts considered as crimes by Soviet Union’s military government and punished by death during that period: desertion, cowardice, marauding (мародерство), shirking under enemy fire (to shirk – увиливать). Present your own view on each offense.

What is the religious context of capital punishment? Read the following quotes and comment on the religious views of different nations. Explain, if they forbid or permit death as a penalty.

Buddhism: “Everyone fears punishment; everyone fears death, just as you do. Therefore do not kill or cause to kill. Everyone fears punishment; everyone loves life, as you do. Therefore do not kill or cause to kill” (Chapter 10 of Dhammapada);

Islam: “ "If anyone kills person - unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land - it would be as if he killed all people. And if anyone saves a life, it would be as if he saved the life of all people" (Qur'an 5:32).

Поиск по сайту: