Holidays in Russia. There are many holidays and traditions in Russia

There are many holidays and traditions in Russia. One of them is Maslenitsa. This holiday lasts for a week. Russian people celebrate it at the end of February or at the beginning of March. They say "goodbye" to winter on this holiday. During "Maslenitsa week" Russians always cook pancakes. It is a tradition to cook pancakes and eat them with fish, sour cream, caviar, honey, sugar, butter. During this holiday people celebrate the beginning of spring. They prepare fires and burn straw scarecrows of winter.

The other holiday is the 8th of March. It is a happy and nice holiday. It is a good tradition in our country to give presents and flowers to women on this day. Each family celebrates this spring holiday. In the morning men go to the shops or markets to buy some flowers. They try to clean flats and help women to cook a holiday dinner. Sons and daughters help their mothers too: they make a cake, lay the table and wash dishes after holiday dinner.

Some families celebrate the 8th of March going to the theatres and concerts. They buy tickets beforehand. Others prefer to invite guests and stay at home. There is almost the same holiday in England. It is called Mothers' Day and celebrated also in spring. Sons and daughters come and give gifts to their mothers on this day. If it is not possible to see a mother, one can send presents and cards to her. Flowers and cakes are the traditional gifts for all mothers in England.

The 1st of May is a spring holiday in our country. Usually it is warm during this day. The weather is fine. The trees are green. You can see some flowers in the parks and gardens.

Christmas falls on the 7th of January by the Orthodox Church. This holiday means the beginning of the New Year and the new life. Russian people celebrate this holiday with the evergreen tree - Christmas tree.

New Year's Day is the most popular holiday in Russia. Peter the First changed the Russian calendar in 1699. He made the 31st of December, 1699 the last day of the year. The first of January 1700 became New Year's Day. The New Year's Day is always connected with our new hopes and dreams.
It is a pleasant moment to get presents on the New Year's Eve.

II. Name other Russian holidays that you know how the Russians celebrate it

III. Speak about your favorite Russian Holiday and explain why you like it

IV. Prepare written reports on the following topics:

· Russian economy;

· Russian political life;

· Russian history;

· Russian culture;

· Russian literature;

· Russian painters;

· Russian meals;

· Russian sport

V. Retell your report

VI. Write a composition on the basis of the material learnt in this unit

VII. Retell your composition

UNIT 11

LEXIACAL MATERIAL: Great Britain

I. Read and translate the text

The UK

Hi, my name is Andrew. I am from the UK. The full name of my country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Island. It is situated on the British Isles not far from Europe. It consists of the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of Ireland and a great number of small islands.
If you look at the map of Europe you will see that Great Britain is not large. It takes 6 hours to travel in a fast train, from London, the capital of England, to Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland.

There are 4 parts of Great Britain: England with the capital is London, Scotland with the capital Edinburgh, Wales with the capital is Cardiff and Northern Island with the capital Belfast. Great Britain lies not far from continent. It is separated from Europe by the North Sea and England Channel.

Great Britain has a very good geographical position, as it lies on the crossways of the sea routes from Europe to other parts of the World.
The sea connects Britain with most European countries such as: Belgium, Holland, Denmark, Norway, Russia and some other countries.

British climate is mild and damp. It often rains frogs are quit frequent especially in the West and south-west. The Gulf Stream a warm ocean current warms to seas around the British coast moderating the climate, giving it cold summers mild winters. The temperature in winter seldom falls below zero and the field and meadow are green all year round.

Great Britain is my homeland and I like it.

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