Introduction

Method of registration of biological activity of a brain by means of record of biopotentials is called electroencephalography, corresponding devices is called electroencephalograph. Graph of dependence biopotentials upon time is called encephalogram (EEG). Electroencephalography gave chance of qualitative and quantitative analysis of a functional condition of a brain and its reactions at action of irritant.

Character EEG is defined by a functional condition of a nervous tissue, a level of exchange processes proceeding in it. Infringement of blood supply, hypoxia or a deep narcosis lead to suppression of bioelectric activity of a cortex of cerebrum. Dependence EEG upon the general condition of an organism widely is used in clinic. Method of EEG of research of a brain is the most perspective modern method. EEG has the features, has spontaneous, independent character. Regular electric activity of a brain can be fixed already at a foetus (i.e. till a birth of an organism) and stops only with approach of death. Even at deep coma and a narcosis the characteristic picture of brain waves is observed.

Character of bioelectric activity depends upon receipt of a nervous pulsation on specific channels from touch system, and also from subcortical formations (reticular formations of a trunk of a brain and thalamus).

Electroencephalography is used for revealing volumetric, inflammatory and vascular processes of a brain, specification of localization of the pathological centers, for diagnostic of pathologies of nervous system: traumas and a heart attack of a brain, infringement of a dream, mental frustration. Record EEG is widely applied in diagnostic and medical work (it is especially frequent at epilepsy). EEG is applied in anesthesiology, at studying activity of the brain connected with realization of following functions: perception, memory, adaptation.

Electroencephalography is applied for determination areas of a tumor of a brain, to an estimation of a functional condition of a brain before introduction of a medical product.

EEG reflects integrated activity of huge number neurons of brain cortex and distribution of waves of excitation to neural networks.

The analysis of electroencephalogram is complex and demands participation of neurophysiologist, possessing the practical experience, owning and neurological semiotics.

To expand opportunities of electroencephalography, computer processing of electroencephalogram helps.

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