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II. Read and translate the text. Zaporizhzhia is a regional city and river port on the Dnieper

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ZAPORIZHZIA

Zaporizhzhia is a regional city and river port on the Dnieper. The population of the city is over 900,000.

Zaporizhzhia came into being in 1770 when a fortress was build here during the Russo-Turkish war of 1768-1774. The fortress was named Oleksandrivs'ka after the commander of the First Russian army Oleksandr Golitsyn (1718-1783).

In 1906-1921 the city had the name of Oleksandrivs'k. In 1921 the city was renamed Zaporizhzhia because of its location beneath the Dnieper rapids.

Zaporizhzhia is one of the largest industrial centers of Ukraine. The ferrous and non-ferrous metal industries are leading industries of the city.

Zaporizhzhia is a cultural and educational center. The city boasts of its University and Institutions, numerous scientific establishments, three theatres the Philharmonic Society, two museums and the Historical and Cultural Khortytsia Reserve.

The monuments of architecture include the remains of fortifications on the Khortytsia island, the Dnipro Hydroelectric Power Station (1927-1932), the Drama Theatre (1944-1953).

Zaporizhzhia is the capital of Zaporizhzhian Region established on January 10,1939.

Berdians'k (in 1939-1958 Osypenko) is a district town, health resort and a port on the Sea of Azov. It was founded in 1827 as Kotur-ogly, then Novo-Nogais'k. The name comes from the Berda River. Berda means ΄rock΄. Berdians'k is an industrial city. It boast of the Teachers Training institute and two museums.

Chernihivka is a district town. It was Founded in 1783 by the settlers from Chernihiv.

Guliaipole is a district town on the Haichur River. It was founded in 1785 by the serfs and rebelled Haidamaks from the Right Bank Ukraine as a free military village. It was named by the first settlers from Guliaipole. Guliaipole is hometown of Nestor I. Makhno (1884-1934). He was buried in Paris near the Communards and on his grave it is written: ˝Russian Communard Machno˝.

Melitopol is a regional town on the Molochna River. It was founded in 1784 on the site of the village of Novooleksandrivka, former winter camp of the Zaporizhzhian Cossacks. The town was named Melitopol (Honey Town by the Greek settler because of the sweet fruits grown here.

Orikhiv is a district town on the Konka River. It was founded in 1783 on the site of the Tatar settlement Seven Tatar Mosques. There was a winter camp of Zaporizhzhian Cossacks. Since 1796 it was a settlement Orikhova Balka. It was named after a hazel grove or by the settlers from the village of Orikhivka of Poltava Region.

Tokmak is a town on the Molochna River. It was founded in 1784 by the settlers fron Poltava region. The town got its name from the Tokmak River. Tokmak in Tatar means 'well fed'. The town probably was named after the juicy grass in the river valley.


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