LEADERSHIP vs MANAGEMENT

· By definition leadership is to lead, management is to manage. People are led, but tasks are managed.

· Because leadership is about moving people and things on – influencing their behaviour in a particular direction – it is not the same thing as management. Leaders are creative and innovative, looking for new solutions to old problems.

· Management may be concerned with ensuring that things remain as they are, that a plan is followed and correctly executed. Leaders see the big picture: they have the vision and commitment to make radical changes.

· However, leadership is an aspect of management. Good managers must also be leaders, but it does not follow that (natural) leaders have to be good managers. Leaders can overcome any managerial deficiencies by putting together a team that contains good managers and then lead that team.

· Management is a “job”. Managers are appointed. Their “job” involves tasks requiring logic, structure, analysis and control, e.g.: planning and budgeting, organization and staffing, monitoring and decision-making, following the rules.

· Leadership is more a quality. Leaders evolve, emerge, usually by popular choice or by necessity. Leadership involves people rather than things, e.g.: providing a sense of direction, communicating a vision, inspiring and motivating individuals, voicing the aspirations of the group, creating good teams, leading by example.

· In a modern organizational culture, management abilities and leadership qualities are often becoming fused together. The individual who manages a team to achieve a given task must also lead that team.

Task IV. Work in pairs and discuss the statements below. Then join another pair and compare your ideas. Which of these statements support the idea that leaders are born and which support the idea that leaders can be made?

1. Innate personality traits such as charisma are essential for leadership.

2. Leaders vary their leadership style depending on the situation: for example, the type of organizational culture, the nature of the task involved, the experience of subordinates.

3. Leaders need extensive experience before they can become good leaders.

4. There is some evidence that tall people make good leaders.

5. Leadership is a collective enterprise whereby a group of people working together have a vision and implement a strategy; it does not depend on one individual.

6. People need to learn about the process of leadership (including how to motivate and communicate with people) by doing courses and receiving training from mentors.

Task V. Read the text, point out the key sentences of each paragraph and write them in English. Be ready to speak about the main leadership styles using the information from the text.

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