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World Customs Organization

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  12. ORGANIZATION

The history of the World Customs Organization (WCO) began in 1947 when the thirteen European Governments represented in the Committee for European Economic Co-operation agreed to set up a Study Group*. This Group examined the possibility of establishing one or more inter-European Customs Unions based on the principles of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)**.

In 1948, the Study Group set up two committees - an Economic Committee and a Customs Committee. The Economic Committee was the predecessor of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Customs Committee became the Customs Co-operation Council (CCC).

In 1994 the Council adopted the working name World Customs Organization, to more clearly reflect its transition to a truly global intergovernmental institution. It is now the voice of 179 Customs administrations which operate on all continents and represent all stages of economic development. Today, WCO Members are responsible for processing more than 98% of all international trade.

Among its strategic goals the following should be mentioned:

- promote the security and facilitation of international trade, including simplification and harmonization of Customs procedures (Economic Competitiveness Package)

- promote fair, efficient, and effective Revenue collection (Revenue Package)

- Protect society, public health and safety (Compliance and Enforcement Package)

- strengthen capacity building (Organizational Development Package)

- promote information exchange between all stakeholders

- raise the performance and profile of Customs

- conduct research and analysis

* Study Group – исследовательская группа

** General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) – генеральное соглашение о тарифах и торговле, ГАТТ

b) Answer the following questions:

1. When was the World Customs Organization founded? 2. What is it based on? 3. How many customs administrations are included in WCO? 4. What does the Economic Competitiveness Package envisage? 5. What is the way of the WCO to revenue collection?

 

Exercise 8 Match the words and their explanation:

tariff (n) a. something that precedes something else
predecessor (n) b. to further or encourage the progress or existence of something
council (n) c. the owner of one or more shares in a company
promote (v) d. a view or representation of an organization or a firm
stakeholder (n) e. a tax levied by a government on imports or occasionally exports for purposes of protection, support of the balance of payments, or the raising of revenue
profile (n) f. manner or quality of functioning
performance (n) g. an assembly of people meeting for discussion, consultation, etc

 


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