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Economy of the United Kingdom
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| Rank | 6th (nominal) / 6th (PPP) |
| Currency | Pound sterling (GBP) |
| Labour force | 31.25 million |
| Export goods | manufactured goods, fuels, chemicals; food, beverages, tobacco (United States, Germany, Netherlands, France, Ireland, Belgium, Spain) |
| Import goods | manufactured goods, machinery, fuels; foodstuffs (Germany, United States, China, Netherlands, France, Norway, Belgium, Italy) |
1.The economy of the United Kingdom is the world's sixth-largest national economy measured by both nominal GDP and purchasing power parity (PPP). Based on market exchange rates, the UK is today the sixth largest economy in the world and the third largest in Europe after Germany and France The UK has a partially regulated free market economy. In recent years, the UK economy has been managed in accordance with principles of market liberalisation and low taxation and regulation.
2. In the 18th century the UK was the first country in the world to industrialise, and for much of the 19th century possessed a predominant role in the global economy. The Industrial Revolution started in the UK with an initial concentration on the textile industry, followed by other heavy industries such as shipbuilding, coal mining, and steel production. However, as other nations industrialised, coupled with economic decline after two world wars, the United Kingdom began to lose its competitive advantage and heavy industry declined, by degrees, throughout the 20th century. Manufacturing remains a significant part of the economy but accounts for only one-sixth of national output.
3.London is a major centre for international business and commerce. It has the largest concentration of foreign bank branches in the world. Many multinational companies that are not primarily UK-based have chosen to site their European or rest-of-world headquarters in London. The British motor industry is a significant part of the manufacturing sector, civil and defence aircraft production is led by BAE Systems, the second largest defence contractor in the world. The chemical and pharmaceutical industry is strong in the UK, with the world's second and sixth largest pharmaceutical firms (GlaxoSmithKline and AstraZeneca, respectively) being based in the UK.
4. The UK service sector, however, has grown substantially, and now makes up about 73% of GDP. The service sector is dominated by financial services, especially in banking and insurance. Tourism is very important to the British economy. With about 30 million tourists arriving annually, the United Kingdom is ranked as the sixth major tourist destination in the world. London is the most visited city in the world with 15.6 million visitors in 2006, ahead of 2nd placed Bangkok (10.4 million visitors) and 3rd placed Paris (9.7 million).
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