TEXT B: PROTECTION OF NATURE

Protection of nature in Ukraine has become the primary duty of every citizen and concern of the whole population. Our common goal is to preserve generous land for the present and future generations in all its beauty.

Because of unrestricted industrialization, the biological balance has been broken. Hundreds tones of harmful substances are discharged every year into the air. The pollution is a consequence of poor technology used, atmospheric pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO) emitted by automobiles, sikphuric oxides arise from coal and oil burning, from electric power plants and chemical plants’ by products, dust. With the present-day scientific and technological progress, man’s influence is changing the biosphere and it is passing into a new state.

Man creates new compounds, new substances, pure chemical elements which are unknown to the biosphere. That’s why the first concern of science is to find effective means of protecting the biosphere from pollutants.

About half of the chemical fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides, applied in the fields are washed off into ruvers and result in grave marine pollution.

After the accident of the Chornobyl’ rhe most urgent problem is removal from service of the Chornobyl’ nuclear power plant, it must be dismantled as soon as possible. Drastic measures have to be undertaken to neutralize its dangerous effect. It also necessary to take urgent measures for reduction of harmful dascharges of enterprises up to closing down those plants which can’t operate according to the norms set to protect environment.

A special organ for dealing with these problems – the UN Environmental Programme was set up by a decision of the UN General Assembly. And the main trends of this organization are:

- Combating air and water pollution, averting the pollution of the world ocean;

- Development of technological systems producing little or no waste;

- Protecting and increasing the fertility of the soil recultivation of land;

- Elaboration of sanitary-higienic criteria to determine environmental pollution;

- Making the environment healthier;

- Forecasting the effect of human activities on the ecological systems of various climatic and natural zones.

Much has to be done in Ukraine for bringing up man as ecologically educated individual, a true friend of nature.

The Ministry of Environment was founded in Ukraine. Its task is tocontrol the state of environment, to make comprehensive analyses of the environment, to prevent the pollution of fresh water, the air and the facilate educational development and the exchange of information on reach problems.

Now it is time to be not only environment conscious but environment educated as well.

I. Answer the following questions:

1. What does “protection nature” mean for you?

2. How do you think what is the most harmful for our nature?

3. What do you do or not do to save the nature?

4. Does envinronment contamination priginate from man’s activity?

5. What are major sources of atmosphere and water pollution?

6. What is the first concern of science?

7. What is the most urgent problem after the nuclear accident at the Chernobyl’ atomic power plant?

8. What has stimulated man’s interest in ecology?

9. What international organ for dealing with environmental protection was set up?

10. What arw the main trends of this organization?

11. What is its task?

II. Fill in the gaps using words and words combinations from the text:

1. _____________________ of nature in Ukraine has become the _________________ of every citizen.

2. Hundreds tones of _____________________ are discharged every year into the air.

3. Man’s ___________ is cganging the biosphere and it is passing into a new state.

4. The most ________________ is removal from service of the Chernobyl’ nuclear power plant.

5. The Ministry of _______________ was founded in Ukraine.

6. Our ___________ is to preserve generous land for the present and future ___________________ in all its beauty.

7. The _______________ is a consequence of ______________________ technology used, atmospheric pollutants.

8. The first _____________ of science is to find _______________ means of protecting the biosphere from pollutants.

9. It is also necessary to take ___________________ measures for reduction of ______________________ discharges of enterprises.

10. The task of the Ministry of Envirinment is to control the state of ______________________________.

III. Suggest Ukrainian equivalents for the next words or words combinations:

Protection of nature -

Future generations -

Unrestricted industrialization -

To be washed up -

Grave marine pollution –

General Assembly –

Combating air pollution –

Technological systems producing little or more waste –

Fertility of the soil –

Bringing up –

Ecologically educated individual –

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