Утверждение Отрицание Отрицание

(полная форма) (краткая форма) Вопрос

I play I do not play I don't play Do I play?

You play You do not play You don't play Do you play?

He/she/it plays He/she/it does not play He/she/it doesn't play Does he/she/it play?

We play We do not play We don't play Do we play?

You play You do not play You don't play Do you play?

They play They do not play They don't play Do they play?

Present Simple используется:

Когда говорят об обычных повторяющихся действиях, например:

John plays tennis once a week.

We start work at 9 a.m. every day.

Mary gets up 7 a.m. on weekdays.

I go to school every day.

Когда говорят о вкусах, например:

Peter likes Chinese food.

Julie doesn't like fish.

Children love chocolate.

Когда сообщают факты, например:

The sun rises in the east.

In Europe, the weather is cold in winter.

Authors write books.

Для указания на повторный характер действия часто употребляются слова

every day / week, month, year (каждый день / каждую неделю, месяц, год),

often (часто),

seldom (редко),

always (всегда),

usually (обычно),

never (никогда).

Наречия often, seldom, always, never, usually обычно ставятся перед глаголом. В предложениях с глаголом to be эти наречия обычно ставятся после глагола.

He is never late for his work. – Он никогда не опаздывает на работу.

Глаголы в Present Simple

в 3-ем лице единственного числа имеют окончание –s (-es).

Задание 7.4 Вставьте глаголы start, take, eat, think, sleep, go, like, drink, write, live в нужной форме.

1. The serial on TV ___ every day at 8 p.m.

2. The children ___ milk with their meals.

3. Cats usually ___ a lot.

4. Julie ___ a letter to her mother once a week.

5. Tom and Julie ___ in a big city in the centre of the country.

6. Tourists ___ to Egypt to see the pyramids.

7. Jimmy always ___ the bus to go to school.

8. We all know that children ___ sweets.

9. Anne ___ it's a good idea to learn English.

10. If you want to be healthy, you must ___ good food.

Present Continuous (Progressive)

Утверждение Отрицание Отрицание Вопрос

(полная форма) (краткая форма)

I am playing I am not playing I'm not playing Am I playing?

You are playing You are not playing You're not playing Are you playing?

He/she/it is playing He/she/it is not playing He/she/it's not playing Is he/she/it playing?

We are playing We are not playing We aren't playing Are we playing?

You are playing You are not playing You're not playing Are you playing?

They are playing They are not playing They aren't playing Are they playing?

Present Continuous употребляется для выражения действия, длящегося в настоящий момент или в момент речи. Указание на время типа now (сейчас), at the moment (в данный момент) может быть либо выражено, либо подразумеваться.

Present Continuous может также употребляться для выражения планируемых в будущем действий. Например: Next month I am spending my holidays in Moscow.

Our neighbours are coming to dinner tomorrow.

С глаголами, которые обозначают не действие, а состояние, Present Continuous обычно не употребляется:

to live (жить)

to stay (оставаться)

to hear (слышать)

to see (видеть)

to know (знать)

to realize (понимать, осознавать)

to suppose (предполагать)

to mean означать

to understand (понимать)

to believe (верить, считать)

to remember (помнить)

to think (думать)

to belong (принадлежать)

to contain (содержать)

to consist (состоять из чего либо)

to seem (казаться)

to want (хотеть)

to like (любить, нравиться)

to love (любить)

to hate (ненавидеть)

to need (нуждаться)

to prefer (предпочитать)

Глаголы to feel (чувствовать) и to look (выглядеть) могут употребляться и в форме Present Simple и в форме Present Continuous, чтобы сказать, как кто-то выглядит, или чувствует себя сейчас. Например:

You look well today. – You are looking well today.

How do you feel now? - How are you feeling now?

Задание 7.5 Поставьте глаголы в нужную форму, выбрав Present Simple или Present Continuous.

1. Every day Julie (take) the bus to go to her office.

2. At the moment you (do) an English exercise.

3. Tom and Julie (learn) English this year.

4. This restaurant (open) at 9.30 every morning.

5. Our cousins (come) to see us next Sunday.

6. Tom (read) the newspaper every morning on the train.

7. Julie usually (clean) the house on Saturdays.

8. She (write) a letter to a client now.

9. Julie (speak) three languages: English, French and Spanish.

10. Today is Sunday. Tom and Julie (relax) in their garden.

Задание 7.6 Поставьте глаголы в нужную форму, выбрав Present Simple или Present Continuous.

1. Water (to boil) at 100 degrees Celsius.

2. The water (to boil). Can you turn it off?

3. Look! That man (to try) to open the door of your car.

4. Can you hear those people? What do they (to talk) about?

5. The moon (to go) round the earth in about 27 days.

6. I usually (to go) to work by car.

7. 'Hurry up! It's time to leave.' - `OK, I (to come).'

8. Paul is never late. He always (to come) to work on time.

9. They don't get on well. They always (argue).

10. Let's go out. It (not / to rain) now.

11. Julia is very good at languages. She (to speak) four languages very well.

12. Hurry up! Everybody (to wait) for you.

13. The River Nile (to flow) into the Mediterranean Sea.

14. The river (to flow) very fast today — much faster than usual.

15. We usually (to grow) vegetables in our garden, but this year we (not / to grow) any.

Present Perfect

Глаголы в формах Perfect выражают действие завершенное, которое привело к определенному результату (или к отсутствию резуль­тата). С помощью глагольных форм Perfect подводится итог действий. Время подведения итогов - либо настоящий момент Present Perfect, либо момент в прошлом Past Perfect, либо - в будущем Future Perfect.

Present Perfect образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to have в настоящем времени (have, has) и третьей формы смыслового глагола. В вопросительном предложении вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим. В отрицательном предложении после вспомогательного глагола ставится отрицание not.

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