False Pretenses

False Pretenses is obtaining title to the personal property of another individual by an intentional false statement of fact with the intent to defraud the other individual. This crime requires the specific intent to defraud another individual.

For example, Sam tells his elderly neighbor that he’ll watch her house and cars when she is gone in Florida for the winter. However, he asks her to give him legal power of attorney over her vehicles in case "anything comes up." The elderly neighbor agrees and signs over legal power of attorney to Sam for her cars. Then, as soon as the elderly neighbor leaves for Florida, Sam takes both of her cars and sells them. Here, Sam obtained legal title to his neighbor’s cars through false pretenses. In other words, Sam never meant to use the legal title for what he said he would – he only wanted to defraud his neighbor.

First Degree Premeditated Murder

First Degree Premeditated Murder is making the decision to kill in a composed manner, and then executing the crime itself.

This is one of the highest crimes around and requires the specific intent to premeditate and/or reflect on killing another individual. In other words, the State would have to show that the defendant set up a plan to kill the victim and carried out that plan. This is often a difficult crime to prove beyond a reasonable doubt.

Forgery

Forgery is creating or altering a legal document so that it is false with the intent to defraud an individual. This requires the specific intent to defraud another individual. For example, if John puts his name in the will of his uncle to get his uncle’s house upon his uncle’s death, without the consent of his uncle, John has committed forgery.

Larceny

Larceny is the taking and carrying away of the tangible personal property of another individual without proper consent, with the specific intent to permanently deprive that individual of that property.

This crime requires the specific intent to permanently deprive another individual of his or her property.

Solicitation

Solicitation is the act of inciting another individual to commit a crime, with the specific intent that the individual solicited actually commit the crime.

This requires the specific intent to have the individual whom is solicited commit a certain crime. For example, John asks Ben to break into John’s neighbor’s house and steal an expensive guitar in the basement. Ben then breaks into John’s neighbor’s house and steals the expensive guitar and gives it to John for $100. Here, John has solicited Ben to commit burglary with the specific intent to carry out the burglary.

Remember, specific intent crimes differ from general intent crimes, malice crimes, and strict liability crimes. Overall, specific intent crimes often require stronger and more credible evidence to prove than other types of crimes.

Cлова к тексту 2:

1. assault [əˊsɔ:lt] - нападение, угроза физическим насилием

2. to punch [pʌnʧ] - бить кулаком

3. an attempt - попытка

4. multiple [ˊmʌltɪpl] - многократный, многочисленный

5. burglary [ˊbə:glərɪ] - кража со взломом

6. a permission [pəˊmɪʃən] - разрешение

7. embezzlement - присвоение или растрата чужого имущества

8. fraudulent [ˊfrɔ:djulənt] - мошеннический

9. conversion [kənˊvə:ʃən] - присвоение, обращение в свою пользу

10. title [taɪtl] - правооснование, документ о правовом титуле

11. to premeditate [pri(:)ˊmedɪteɪt] - заранее обдумывать

12. tangible [ˊtænʤəbl] - материальный

13. permanently [ˊpə:mənəntlɪ] - навсегда, постоянно

14. to deprive [dɪˊpraɪv] - лишить

15. credible [ˊkredəbl] - вероятный, заслуживающий доверия

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